ရဟန်းတော် (မော်ဒန်တောရ)

Dec 15, 2010

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1: 9. A system of supervision

၁း ၉။ ေထာက္လွန္းေရးစနစ္

King Mindon himself had experience of various palace disturbances.
မင္းတုန္းမင္းတရားသည္ အေရးေတာ္ပုံအမ်ိဳးမ်ိဳးကုိ ကုိယ္ေတြ႔ႀကဳံရေတာ္မူဖူးသည္။

In particular he had received no advance warning of the plot to murder his heir, the Kanaung Crown Prince in time.
အထူးသျဖင့္အိမ္ေရွ႕စံကေနာင္မင္းသားႀကီးအားလုပ္ႀကံေသာအမႈတြင္မင္းႀကီးသည္အခ်ိန္မီႀကိဳတင္သတင္း မရခဲ့ေခ်။

The murdered Prince, on the day of the assassination had received a hint about the plot of the Myingun and Myingondaing Princes and was in conference about how to defeat the attack when he fell into the hands of his enemies.

လုပ္ႀကံခံရသူကေနာင္မင္းသားႀကီးပင္လွ်င္လုပ္ႀကံမည့္ေန႔သုိ႔ေရာက္ခါမွျမင္ကြန္း၊ျမင္းခုန္တုိင္တုိ႔၏ အႀကံကုိရိပ္မိသိရွိရၿပီး ထုိအႀကံကုိတြန္းလွန္ခုခံရန္ တုိင္ပင္ေနဆဲခဏ၌ ရန္သူ႕လက္တြင္းက်ဆုံးခဲ့ရသည္။

The King was worried about this and so that reports about anything that happened in the kingdom might reach his ears in good time, he set up a system of informers to collect news reports.

ဤအခ်က္ကုိအေၾကာင္းျပဳ၍မင္းတုန္းမင္းသည္နုိင္ငံေတာ္အတြင္းအျဖစ္အပ်က္အရပ္ရပ္တုိ႔ကုိမင္းနား တစ္ေထာင္ျဖင့္သတင္းေထာက္လွမ္းေသာအေထာက္ေတာ္စနစ္ကုိ တီထြင္သည္။

It can be seen in the Mahæuma³ga Jætaka. In this- traders also coming from so many places ‘Friend came from where’ have being asked by Mahosadæ ‘came from this place’ they thus say ‘what your King like’ in case of ask ‘this kinds’ when they say like that having made their likeness and set freed and hundred-one solders being called ‘friends, gifts I giving, having taken gone to hundred-one palaces, for need to like myself given these gifts to the Kings cared for them and having done know their behavior and discussing then sent their news to me, dwell in that countries, ‘I will look for your sons and wives’ having leaved words, he had sent, given an earring on someone’s hand, a slipper on someone’s hand, a sword on someone’s hand, a gold-flower on someone’s hand having written alphabets ‘prove, when there is my work’ made resolution.

They having gone to those countries and given gifts to those Kings. ‘Why came here’ the Kings in case of ask they say that ‘we came here care for you’. And ‘where from came here’ they, no having said coming place informed other places, the Kings ‘if so good’ accepted and have been their trusted person cared for them.

It is true that a system of supervision through informers did assist in control of the country but looking at it from the other side, this system also provided the malicious with an opportunity of causing injustice through mischief-making.

အေထာက္ေတာ္ျဖင့္ေထာက္လွမ္းေသာစနစ္သည္တုိင္းျပည္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္မႈတြင္အေထာက္အပံ့ျပဳသည္မွန္၏။ သုိ႔ေသာ္တစ္ဖက္ေသာအစြန္းကုိႀကည့္လွ်င္မလုိသူတုိ႔ကုန္းေခ်ာစကားျဖင့္မတရားျပဳရန္အခြင့္အလမ္းေပး သကဲ့သုိ႔ရွိသည္။

For this reason it was necessary that information coming from informers should be looked at with great care to check its legality.

ထုိ႔ေၾကာင့္အေထာက္ေတာ္နည္းလမ္းျဖင့္ရေသာသတင္းကုိစနစ္တက်စစ္ေဆးရန္နည္းဥပေဒသတ္မွတ္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ရန္လုပ္အပ္သည္။

If we look at this case, however, there was no proper investigation of the information that was laid against the Yaw Atwinwun, It means 1, secretary of a government ministerial department. 2, the minister of the enterior in the days of Myanmar monarchy and his ill-wishers were able to watch and estimate his circumstances so as to bring a charge against him from his casual words.

သုိ႔ရာတြင္ေယာအတြင္းဝန္အျဖစ္ကုိၾကည့္လွ်င္ေထာက္လွမ္း၍ရေသာသတင္းကုိေသခ်ာစြာမစစ္ေဆးဘဲ မလုိသူတုိ႔လက္တုိ႔၍ေျပာစကားျဖင့္ပင္အျပစ္ေပးတတ္သည့္အျဖစ္သနစ္ကုိ ခန္႔မွန္းၾကည့္နုိင္သည္။

The dismissal of the Yaw Myoza Atwinwun, was due to a story brought by one of the King's news gatherers.

ေယာအတြင္းဝန္ရာထူးမွက်သည္မွာလည္းေထာက္လွမ္းခ်က္စကားအရပင္က်ရျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။

The accusation was that as well as drinking liquor himself, he had told other people that there was no harm in it if you did not drink enough to get drunk.

ေယာအတြင္းဝန္သည္ကုိယ္တုိင္အရက္ေသာက္သည့္အျပင္မူးယစ္ေအာင္မ်ားစြာမေသာက္လွ်င္ အျပစ္မရွိဟု အျခားလူမ်ားကုိလည္း ေျပာၾကားသည့္အတြက္ျဖစ္သည္။

After investigation, the King issued the following proclamation: “Relying upon the Pæ¹i scriptures pronounced by the Lord, the Bhævitaµ væ and the Bahuløkataµ væ, he has said that drinking liquor is only blame worthy if from quantity or frequency it causes drunkenness, that there is no absolute rule against drinking liquor and that the vinaya rules distort the rule against sensual pleasures to include drinking liquor, and that, if one drinks liquor mixed as a medicine there is no harm if it is drunk purely as a medicine.

ရွင္ဘုရင္ကစစ္ေဆးသည့္အခါ၌လည္းေအာက္ပါအတုိင္းျပန္လွန္တင္ေလွ်ာက္သည္။ `ဘုရားေဟာပါဠိေတာ္မွာ ဘာဝိတံ ဝါ ဗဟုလီကတံ ဝါ ပါသည္ကုိ ေထာက္ထား၍ အႀကိမ္ ႀကိမ္မ်ားမ်ားေသာက္၍မူးယစ္မွအျပစ္ရွိေၾကာင္း၊သုရာေမရယမွာကမၼပထမပါ၊သုရာေမရယအမႈကုိကာေမသု မိစၦာစာရသိကၡာပုဒ္အတြင္းထည့္သြင္းေကာက္ယူရေၾကာင္း၊ေဆးႏွင့္ေရာ၍ေသာက္လွ်င္၊ေဆးအျဖစ္ မွ်တရုံေသာက္လွ်င္ အျပစ္မရွိဟုတင္ေလွ်ာက္သည္။

He is sentenced to six months imprisonment. His recent appointment to be Shweipyiwun and his appanage of Wetmasut are withdrawn.

ေျခာက္လေလာက္ေထာင္က်ခံရသည္။သုိ႔ရာတြင္မၾကာခင္ေရႊျပည္ဝန္ျပန္ခန္႔သည္။ဝက္မစြတ္ကုိ ၿမိဳ႕စားျပန္ေပးသည္။

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