tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-60745067743308806202024-02-21T17:56:14.346+06:30ရဟန်းတော် (မော်ဒန်တောရ)ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comBlogger25125truetag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-83664486310279021932017-10-20T12:21:00.001+06:302017-10-20T12:21:33.091+06:30အိပ္မက္ မက္ခဲ့ရေသာ တကၠသုိလ္
ရန္ကုန္တကၠသုိလ္၊ ဘြဲ႕ႏွင္းသဘင္ ခန္းမႀကီး၌ ဘြဲ႔တက္ေရာက္ယူရန္ ရွိသည္။ မိမိရည္မွန္းခ်က္ႀကီးတစ္ခုရဲ႕ ေအာင္ျမင္မႈ သေကၤတျဖစ္သည္။ ငယ္စဉ္ကတည္းက တကၠသုိလ္တက္ခ်င္တဲ့ အိပ္မက္ရွိခဲ့သည္။ ကေလးငယ္ဘ၀ကတည္းက မက္ခဲ့ေသာ အိပ္မက္တုိ႔သည္ ထင္တာထက္ ပုိၿပီး ျပည့္စုံခဲ့သည္ဟု ဆုိရေပမည္။ ကေလးဘ၀တုန္းက တကၠသုိလ္ဆုိတာ ဘာမွန္းမသိခဲ့၊ မျမင္ခဲ့၊ ၾကားဘူးရုံသာ ရွိၿပီး၊ ယင္းၾကားဘူးနား၀ျဖင့္ပင္ တကၠသုိလ္ေက်ာင္းသား ျဖစ္ခ်င္ခဲ့သည္။ တကယ္လဲ တကၠသုိလ္တက္ဖုိ႔ အၿမဲအာရုံစုိက္ေနခဲ့သည္။ တက္ခြင့္လဲရခဲ့သည္၊ တကယ္လဲ တကၠသုိလ္တက္ ရေရာ ျပည္တြင္းတြင္သာမက ထင္မွတ္မထားေသာ ျပည္ပတကၠသုိလ္မ်ားပါ တက္ခြင့္ရခဲ့သည္။ ဆက္ေရးပါမည္။
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-22787276294804932142015-09-02T12:11:00.001+06:302015-09-02T12:11:06.198+06:30ဗုဒၶ ဂုဏ္ေတာ္ အဓိပၸါယ္<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">သစၥာ-၄ ပါးကုိ ကုိယ္တုိင္သိေတာ္မူၿပီးေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">အလုံးစုံေသာ ေညယ်ဓမ္တရား-၅
ပါးကုိ ျမင္ေတာ္မူၿပီးေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">အရဟတၱမဂ္ႏွင့္ေပါင္းဆုံမိျခင္းေၾကာင့္
မႏႈိင္းယွဥ္အပ္ေသာ ဂုဏ္အေပါင္းျဖင့္ တန္ဆာ </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ဆင္အပ္ေသာ သဗၺညဳတဉာဏ္သုိ႔ေရာက္သျဖင့္ ပြင့္ေတာ္မူတတ္၊
ပြင့္ေတာ္မူၿပီးေသာ </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">တေၾကာင္းတည္းေသာနိဗၺာန္ခရီးသုိ႔ၾကြသြားေတာ္မူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ရအပ္ေသာဂုဏ္ထူးရွိေသာရဟႏၱာတုိ႔သည္
သိအပ္ေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ဝါသနာႏွင့္တကြ ကိေလသာဟူေသာအိပ္ေပ်ာ္ျခင္းမွ
နုိးေတာ္မူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">သစၥာ-၄ ပါးကုိ သူတပါးတုိ႔အား
သိေစေတာ္မူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ဝဋ္ျမစ္-၂ ပါးကုိ ထုတ္ေဆာင္ႏႈတ္ပယ္တတ္ေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ပစၥဳပၸန္ တမလြန္အက်ိဳး-၂
မ်ိဳးကုိထုတ္ေဆာင္တတ္ေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ပါရမီတုိ႔ျဖင့္ထုံအပ္ေသာသယမၻဴဉာဏ္ျဖင့္ဝါသနာႏွင့္တကြကိေလသာတုိ႔ကုိအၾကြင္း</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">အက်န္မရွိေအာင္ပယ္သတ္ၿပီးျဖစ္ေသာမဟာကရုဏာဉာဏ္၊သဗၺညဳတဉာဏ္၊အစရွိေသာ </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">မႏႈိင္းယွဉ္အပ္ေသာ ဂုဏ္အေပါင္းကုိ ေဆာင္ေတာ္မူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-22496786323687613702015-09-01T09:06:00.002+06:302015-09-01T09:13:55.217+06:30About Buddha (ဗုဒၶ ဘုရားဟူသည္...)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ေလာကသုံးပါးကုိထင္စြာသိေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ေလာကသုံးပါးတုိ႔ကုိ ထင္ရွားသည္တုိ႔ကုိျပဳ၍
တည္ေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">သခၤါရေလာကကုိ ဒုကၡ၏သေဘာအားျဖင့္လည္းေကာင္း၊
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ေလာက၏ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း သမုဒယတဏွာ
အားျဖင့္လည္းေကာင္း၊</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ေလာက၏ခ်ဳပ္ရာနိဗၺာန္အားျဖင့္လည္းေကာင္း၊
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ေလာက၏ခ်ဳပ္ရာနိဗၺာန္သုိ႔
ေရာက္ေၾကာင္း မဂ္အားျဖင့္လည္းေကာင္း သိေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ထုိ႔ျပင္ နာမ္ရုပ္-၂ပါး၊
ေဝဒနာ-၃ပါး၊ အာဟာရ-၄ပါး၊ ခႏၶာ-၅ပါး၊ အဇၥ်တၱိကာယတန-၆ပါး၊ ဝိညာဏ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ဌိတိ-၇ပါး၊ ေလာကဓံတရား-၈ပါး၊
သတၱဝါသ-၉ပါး၊ ရုပ္အာယတန-၁၀ပါး၊ ရုပ္၊နာမ္အာယတန-၁၂ပါး၊ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ဓါတ္-၁၈ပါးဟုဆုိအပ္ေသာ <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #c00000;">သခၤါရေလာက</span></b>ကုိသိေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">သတၱဝါအားလုံးတုိ႔၏ သႆတဒိ႒ိ၊
ဥေစၦဒဒိ႒ိ၊ အႏုေလာမိကခႏၱီ၊ ယထာဘူတၪာဏ္ဟုဆုိအပ္ေသာ အာသယ၊ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ကာမရာဂါႏုသယအစရွိေသာ အႏုသယ-၇ပါး၊
သုစရိုက္၊ ဒုစရုိက္-၂ပါး၊ ရာဂအစရွိေသာ စရုိက္-၆ပါး၊ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(ဟီန၊ ပဏီတ၌ ညြတ္ျခင္းဟူေသာ) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">အဇၩာသယဓါတ္</b>ကုိလည္းေကာင္း သိေတာ္မူေသာ ဘုရား။</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ပညာမ်က္စိ၌ နည္းေသာကိေလသာျမဴရွိေသာသတၱဝါ၊
မ်ားေသာကိေလသာျမဴရွိေသာသတၱဝါ၊ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ထက္ေသာဣေျႏၵရွိေသာသတၱဝါ၊ ႏုေသာဣေျႏၵရွိေသာသတၱဝါ၊ ေကာင္းေသာပကတိသေဘာရွိေသာ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">သတၱဝါ၊ မေကာင္းေသာပကတိသေဘာရွိေသာသတၱဝါ၊သမၼတၱနိယာမကုိသိေစနုိင္လြယ္ေသာသတၱဝါ၊ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">သမၼတၱနိယာမကုိ</span>သိေစနုိင္ခဲေသာသတၱဝါ၊ မဂ္ဖုိလ္ရျခင္းငွာ ထုိက္ေသာသတၱဝါ၊
မဂ္ဖုိလ္ရျခင္းငွာ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">မထုိက္ေသာသတၱဝါ</span><span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: white; mso-themecolor: background1;"></span>ဟုဆုိအပ္ေသာ <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #c00000;">သတၱေလာက</span></b>ကုိလည္းေကာင္းသိေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">အဆုံးအပုိင္းအျခားမရွိေသာအနႏၱစၾကဝဠာေလာကဓါတ္ဟုဆုိအပ္ေသာ<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #c00000;">ၾသကာသေလာက </span></b> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ကုိလည္းေကာင္း သိေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-26317536043638195082015-08-27T21:46:00.001+06:302015-08-27T21:48:08.666+06:30ဝိဇၨာစရဏသမၸႏၷ ဂုဏ္ေတာ္ အဓိပၸါယ္<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">က)<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">ဝိဇၨာ-၃ပါး၊ </span></b>(၁။ပုေဗၺနိဝါသာနုႆတိဉာဏ္၊၂။ဒိဗၺစကၡဳဉာဏ္၊၃။
အာသဝကၡယဉာဏ္) </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ခ)
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">ဝိဇၨာ-၈ပါး၊</span></b>
(၁။ပုေဗၺနိဝါသာနုႆတိဉာဏ္၊၂။ဒိဗၺစကၡဳဉာဏ္၊ ၃။ အာသဝကၡယဉာဏ္၊ </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">၄။ ဣဒၶိဝိဓဉာဏ္၊ ၅။ ဒိဗၺေသာတဉာဏ္၊
၆။ ေစေတာပရိယဉာဏ္၊ ၇။ ဝိပႆနာဉာဏ္၊ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1in;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">၈။ မေနာမယိဒၶိဉာဏ္။</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ဂ)
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">စရဏ-၁၅ပါး</span></b>
(၁။ သီလေစာင့္ျခင္း၊ ၂။ ဣေျႏၵကုိေစာင့္ေရွာက္ျခင္း၊ ၃။ အစာ </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">အာဟာရ၌ အတုိင္းအရွည္ကုိ
သိျခင္း၊ ၄။ နုိးၾကားျခင္း၌ အဖန္ဖန္အားထုတ္ျခင္း။ ၅။ </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">သဒၶါ၊ ၆။ ဟိရီ၊ ၇။ ၾသတၱပၸ၊ ၈။
ဗာဟုႆစၥ၊ ၉။ ဝီရိယ၊ ၁၀။ သတိ၊ ၁၁။ ပညာ ဟူေသာ </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတရား-၇ပါး၊ ၁၂။ ပဌမစ်ာန္၊ ၁၃။
ဒုတိယစ်ာန္၊ ၁၄။ တတိယစ်ာန္၊ ၁၅။ </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">စတုတၳစ်ာန္)</span><span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b> </b>တုိ႔ႏွင့္ျပည့္စုံေတာ္မူေသာ
ဘုရား။</span>
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-83128673551951827342015-08-23T21:21:00.001+06:302015-08-23T21:21:24.021+06:30သုဂတဂုဏ္ေတာ္ (အဓိပၸါယ္ )<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />က) တင့္တယ္ေသာ (အရိယာမဂ္ဟူေသာ) ၾကြသြ ားျခင္းရွိေသာဘုရား။ <br />ခ) ေကာင္းေသာနိဗၺာန္သုိ႔ ၾကြသြ ားတတ္ေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဂ) (ပယ္ၿပီးေသာကိေလသာတုိ႔ထံသုိ႔တဖန္ျပန္မလာဘဲ ) ေကာင္းစြ ာၾကြ သြ ားေတာ္မူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဃ) ဒီပကၤရာဘုရား၏ေျခေတာ္ရင္းမွ ေဗာဓိမ႑ိဳင္အထိ ေကာင္းစြ ာၾကြ (လာ)ေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br />င) (စကား ၆ မ်ိဳးအနက္ ၂ မ်ိဳးေသာ) သင့္ေလ်ာ္သည့္စကားကုိသာ ေျပာဆုိတတ္ေသာဘုရား။ <br />စ) တင့္တယ္ေသာ နိဗၺာန္သုိ႔ ၾကြသြ ားတတ္ေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဆ) ေကာင္းစြာေျပာဆုိေတာ္မူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဇ) ေကာင္းေသာနိဗၺာန္ကုိ ရရွိျခင္းရွိေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br />စ်) တင့္တယ္စမၸယ္ က်က္သေရ မဂၤလာရွိစြာ ၾကြသြ ားျခင္းရွိေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br />ည) (ေလာကအားလုံးကုိ) ေကာင္းစြ ာသိေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဋ) (သမုဒယသစၥာ-တဏွာကုိ) ေကာင္းစြ ာ လြန္ေျမာက္ ပယ္ခြါ ၿပီးေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဌ) (နိေရာဓသစၥာ- နိဗၺာန္ကုိ) ေကာင္းစြ ာရရွိၿပီးေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဍ) (မဂၢသစၥာကုိ) ေကာင္းစြာက်င့္ၿပီးေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဎ) (တရားအားလုံးကုိ ထူးေသာဉာဏ္ျဖင့္) ေကာင္းစြ ာမ်က္ေမွာက္ထင္ထင္သိျမင္ၿပီးေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဏ) တင့္တယ္ေသာအက်င့္ျဖင့္ ၾကြသြ ားေတာ္မူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။<br />
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-9400190186236146592015-08-21T12:22:00.000+06:302015-08-21T12:22:16.248+06:30အရဟံဂုဏ္ေတာ္ အဓိပၸါယ္<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />၁။ က) ကိေလသာတုိ႔မွေဝးေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br />ခ) ပညာမရွိသူ၊ သူယုတ္မာတုိ႔မွ ေဝးေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br />ဂ) ပညာရွိသူေတာ္ေကာင္းတုိ႔ႏွင့္ နီးေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br /><br />
၂။ ကိေလသာ) ရန္သူတုိ႔ကုိ ပယ္သတ္ေတာ္မူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။ <br /><br />
၃။ သံသရာစက္၏ အကန္႔တုိ႔ကုိ ဖ်က္ဆီးေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br /><br />
၄။ (က) ပူေဇာ္အထူး ပစၥည္းေလးပါးတုိ႔ကုိ ခံယူေတာ္မူထုိက္ေသာဘုရား။ <br />(ခ) ခ်ီးမြမ္းထုိက္ေတာ္မူေသာဘုရား။ <br /><br />
၅။ မေကာင္းမႈျပဳလုပ္ရန္ဆိတ္ကြယ္ရာရွိေတာ္မမူေသာ၊ ဆိတ္ကြယ္ရာ၌ မေကာင္းမႈကုိျပဳလုပ္ေတာ္ <br />မမူေသာဘုရား။ <br /><br />
၆။ (က) စြန္႔ပစ္ထုိက္ေသာ- စြန္႔ပစ္ရမည္ျဖစ္ေသာကိေလသာရွိေတာ္မမူေသာ၊ စြန္႔ပစ္ထုိက္ေသာ <br />ကိေလသာတုိ႔ကုိ စြန္႔ပစ္ေတာ္မူၿပီးေသာဘုရား။ <br /><br />
(ခ) (ရဟႏၱာ၊ ေသကၡ၊ ကလ်ာဏပုထုဇဥ္ ဟူေသာ) သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတုိ႔ကလည္း မစြန္႔ပစ္အပ္၊ <br />သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတုိ႔ကုိလည္း စြန္႔ပစ္ေတာ္မမူတတ္ေသာဘုရား။ <br /><br />
(ဂ) စြန္႔ပစ္တတ္ေသာသူေတာ္ေကာင္းရွိေတာ္မမူေသာ၊ သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတုိ႔သည္ စြန္႔ပစ္ျခင္း <br />ရွိေတာ္ မမူေသာဘုရား။ <br /><br />
၇။ သံသရာ၌ တဖန္သြားလာျခင္း၊ တဖန္ျဖစ္ျခင္းရွိေတာ္မမူေသာဘုရား။<br />
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-25993585262026678082015-08-20T20:59:00.004+06:302015-08-23T21:26:01.501+06:30ဘဂဝါဂုဏ္ေတာ္ အဓိပၸါယ္ (ဘုန္းေတာ္ )<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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1) ဣႆႆႆႆရိယဘုန္းေတာ္ = မိမိစိတ္ေတာ္ကုိ အစုိးရႏုိင္နင္းျခင္း ဘုန္းေတာ္။
ယင္းဣႆရိယ ဘုန္းေတာ္သည္<br />
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(က) -<b>အဏိမာ</b>- ခႏၶာကုိယ္ကုိ အဏုျမဴသဖြယ္ေသးငယ္ေအာင္ ဖန္ဆင္းနုိင္ျခင္းတန္ခုိး၊<br />
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(ခ) <b>လဃိမာ</b> - ခႏၶာကုိယ္ကုိ ေပါ့ပါးေအာင္ ဖန္ဆင္းနုိင္ျခင္းတန္ခုိး။<br />
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(ဂ) <b>မဟိမာ</b>- ခႏၶာကုိယ္ကုိ ႀကီးေအာင္ဖန္ဆင္းနုိင္ျခင္းတန္ခုိး။<br />
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(ဃ) <b>ပတၱိ</b> - လုိရာအရပ္သုိ႔ ေရာက္ေအာင္ႀကြ သြ ားနုိင္ျခင္းတန္ခုိး။<br />
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(င) <b>ပါကမၼ</b> - အဓိ႒ာန္ျခင္းစသည္ျဖင့္ လုိရာၿပီးေအာင္ ဖန္ဆင္းနုိင္ျခင္းတန္ခုိး။<br />
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(စ) <b>ဤသိတာ</b>- သတၱဝါတုိ႔ကုိ မိမိအလုိသုိ႔ လုိက္ေစနုိင္ျခင္းတန္ခုိး။<br />
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(ဆ) <b>ဝသိတာ</b> - ဣဒၶိဝိဓအဘိညာဥ္၌ ဝသီေဘာ္ကုိ နုိင္နင္းျခင္း၊ လွ်င္ျမန္နုိင္နင္းစြာ
ဖန္ဆင္းနုိင္ျခင္းတန္ခုိး။<br />
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(ဇ) <b>ယတၳကာမဝသာယိတာ</b> - ေကာင္းကင္ျဖင့္ႀကြသြားေသာဘုရားအား၎၊ တစုံတခုေသာ
အမႈကိစၥကုိ ျပဳေတာ္မူေသာဘုရားအား၎၊ အလုိရွိရာကာလဌာန၌
ၿပီးဆုံးေစလုိသည္ႏွင့္ တၿပိဳင္နက္ ထုိထုိကိစၥကုိ ၿပီးဆုံးေစနုိင္ျခင္းတန္ခုိးဟု
၈ ပါးရွိသည္။<br />
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2) <b>ဓမၼ </b>ဘုန္းေတာ္ = ေလာကုတၱရာတရားႏွင့္ျပည့္စုံေတာ္မူျခင္း ဘုန္းေတာ္။<br />
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3) <b>ယသ</b>ဘုန္းေတာ္ = အျခံအရံအေက်ာ္အေစာႏွင့္ ျပည့္စုံေတာ္မူျခင္း ဘုန္းေတာ္။<br />
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4) <b>သိရီ</b>ဘုန္းေတာ္ = လကၡဏာေတာ္ ႀကီးငယ္အသြယ္သြ ယ္ႏွင့္ ျပည့္စုံသျဖင့္ လွပတင့္တယ္ေတာ္မူ
ျခင္းဘုန္းေတာ္။<br />
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5) <b>ကာမ</b>ဘုန္းေတာ္ = အလုိရွိတုိင္းေသာ အတၱဟိတ၊ ပရဟိတကုိ ၿပီးစီးေစနုိင္ျခင္းဘုန္းေတာ္။<br />
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6) <b>ပယတၱ</b> ဘုန္းေတာ္ = အမ်ားေလးစားေလာက္ေသာ လုံ႕လဝီရိယႏွင့္ျပည့္စုံျခင္းဘုန္းေတာ္။</div>
ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-44135150735243816312013-07-24T02:54:00.001+06:302013-07-24T02:54:33.727+06:30ေျခႏွစ္ေခ်ာင္း၊ မကယ္ေကာင္းဟူေသာစကားပုံ<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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သစၥံ ကိေရဝမာဟံသု၊ နရာ ဧကစၥိယာ ဣဓ=
ေလာကမွာ ပညာရွိအခ်ိဳ႕ေျပာခဲ့တဲ့ ေျခႏွစ္ေခ်ာင္း၊
မကယ္ေကာင္းဆုိတဲ့စကား သိပ္မွန္တာပဲ။<br />
<br />
က႒ံ နိပႅဝိတံ ေသေယ်ာ= ေရမွာေမ်ာလာတဲ့ ထင္းေျခာက္ကုိ
ဆယ္ယူရတာကမွ ပုိေကာင္းေသးတယ္။<br />
<br />
နေတြေဝကစၥိေယာ နေရာ= အခ်ိဳ႕ေသာေျခႏွစ္ေခ်ာင္း (လူ) ကုိ
ကယ္တင္ရတာ လုံးဝကုိ မေကာင္းဘူး။<br />
<br />
(မကယ္ေကာင္းေသာ ေျခႏွစ္ေခ်ာင္းဆုိတာ<br />
<br />
မိတၱဒုဗၻီ=
one who betrays his friends; a treacherous person.<br />
အေဆြခင္ပြန္းကို ျပစ္မွားတတ္သူ။<br />
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အကတညဴ= ungrateful person.
ေက်းဇူးကန္းတတ္သူ။<br />
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ပါပပုရိသ= knave; rake; wicked and evil person.
လူယုတ္မာ။)
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-40854805196534096992013-07-21T16:28:00.000+06:302013-07-21T16:28:04.071+06:30သူ႔အက်ိဳးနဲ႔သူ။<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>န ဟိ ဓေမၼာ အဓေမၼာ စ၊ ဥေဘာ သမ၀ိပါကိေနာ</b>=<br />
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ဓမၼ၊ အဓမၼ-ဒီႏွစ္မ်ိဳးဟာ အက်ိဳးေပးမတူပါဘူး။<br />
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<b>အဓေမၼာ နိရယံ ေနတိ</b>= အဓမၼ က ငရဲသုိ႔ ပုိ႔ေဆာင္ပီး။<br />
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<b>ဓေမၼာ ပါေပတိ သုဂၢတိ ံ</b>= ဓမၼ ကေတာ့ ေကာင္းရာဘုံဘဝကုိ <br />
<br />
ေရာက္ေစပါတယ္။<br />
<br />
<i><b>ဓမၼ Dhamma</b></i> •တရား။ •ကုသိုလ္တရား။ •ပရိယတၱိတရား။<br />
•ဝိနည္းမွႂကြင္းေသာ ဘုရားစကား။<br />
•ဟုတ္မွန္ေသာ သေဘာ။ •သစၥာတရား။<br />
•ေလာကုတၱရာတရား။<br />
•ခႏၶာ အာယတန ဓာတ္ဟုဆိုအပ္ေသာ တရား။<br />
•ေက်းဇူးတရား။ •ပရမတၳသေဘာ တရား။<br />
•ေစတသိက္။ •အက်င့္။ •က်င့္ဝတ္။•က်င့္အပ္ေသာ တရား။ <br />
•အာပတ္။•အေၾကာင္း။ •ပါဠိ။<br />
<br />
(m.) doctrine; nature; truth; the Norm; morality; good conduct.<br />
see Dhammo and (Dhammaṃ) Nature, condition, quality, property,<br />
characteristic; function, practice, duty; object, thing, idea, phenomenon;<br />
doctrine; law; virtue, piety; justice; the law or Truth of the Buddha;<br />
the Buddhist scriptures; religion Religious.<br />
<br />
<i><b>အ-ဓမၼ= A-Dhamma</b></i> •မေကာင္းေသာ အက်င့္။ <br />
•သူယုတ္တို႔၏ အက်င့္။<br />
•အကုသိုလ္တရား။ •မတရား။<br />
<br />
(m.) 1, misconduct; 2, false doctrine. Wrong, injustice, unlawfulness,<br />
false doctrine, impiety, unrighteousness<br />
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<i><b>နိရယ=Niraya </b></i>•စီးပြားခ်မ္းသာကင္းေသာ။ •ငရဲ။<br />
<br />
(m.) the purgatory; hell.Hell<br />
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ငရဲဘုံ၊ သာယာမႈ-ခ်မ္းသာသုခ-မွကင္း-မရွိရာျဖစ္-ေသာ၊ ဘုံ။<br />
•(၂) နိရယဂတိ။<br />
•(၃) ခ်မ္းသာသုခ-မွကင္း-မရွိ-ရာျဖစ္ေသာ ၿပိတၱာဘုံ။<br />
<br />
<i><b>သု-ဂတိ=Sugati</b></i> •ေကာင္းေသာ အလား။ <br />
•ေကာင္းမႈျပဳေသာသူတို႔၏ လားရာျဖစ္ေသာ။<br />
(f.) a happy state. Happy condition, being reborn in heaven; heaven.<br />
<br />
(Tr. Sbfb. P.308)(ေထရ၊ ဂါထာ-၃၀၄၊ႏွာ-၂၇၂။။ဇာတ္-၅၁၀၊ ဂါထာ-၃၈၆၊ ႏွာ-၁. ၃၅၇။)</div>
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-31720717527306454782013-07-19T03:20:00.000+06:302013-07-19T03:20:04.452+06:30အာဇာနည္ဆုိတာ ...<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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အာ-ဇာနိယ (တိ)(အာ√ဇန္+ဏ်)<br />
•အမ်ိဳးေကာင္းေသာ။
•အမ်ိဳးျမတ္ေသာ။
•အာဇာနည္။<br />
•အေၾကာင္း ဟုတ္သည္ မဟုတ္သည္ကို-
အေၾကာင္းအက်ိဳးကို-သိေသာ ပုဂၢိဳလ္၊ အာဇာနည္ ပုဂၢိဳလ္။
•(ဆင္ အာဇာနည္, ျမင္းအာဇာနည္, ႏြားလားဥသဘ အာဇာနည္ ေယာက္က်ားအာဇာနည္ဟူ၍ အာဇာနည္ ေလးမ်ိဳးရွိသည္။<br />
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၎တို႔သည္
သကၠာယဒိ႒ိ အားႀကီးၾကေသာေၾကာင့္ ေၾကာက္ရြံ႕ျခင္းမရွိၾကကုန္)။<br />
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သကၠာယ-ဒိ႒ိ = heresy of individuality.
•မိမိကိုယ္ အတၱေဘာထင္ရွားရွိသည္ဟူေသာ အယူ။
ပရမတၳအားျဖင့္ ထင္ရွားရွိေသာ တရားအေပါင္း (ခႏၶာ-၅-ပါး) ၌ မွားေသာ အျမင္- အယူအဆ။
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-65179298455826253862013-07-16T11:44:00.001+06:302013-07-16T12:21:36.242+06:30တရားအစစ္မွန္ကုိက်င့္ေသာ္လည္း တရားထူးမရနုိင္သူ-၁၆-ဦး။<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>(1) တိရစၧာန္ </b>= an animal; a beast </div>
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(က) ေအာက္တန္းက်ေသာ (သတၱဝါ)။ တိရစၧ ၾကည့္။ </div>
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(ခ) ဖီလာ (အေထာင္လိုက္မဟုတ္ေသာ) အားျဖင့္-ျဖစ္-ပြါး-ရွည္လ်ား-ေသာ (သတၱဝါ)။ </div>
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<b>• (2) ေပတ</b> = a ghost.Dead, departed
ၿပိတၱာ။
သူေသ။ </div>
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• <b>(3) မိစၧာဒိ႒ိ </b>= wrong view; heresy. false doctrine, asceticism, unbelief Heretical</div>
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(၁) ခြၽတ္ယြင္း- ေဖာက္ျပန္- မမွန္ကန္- ယုတ္မာ-ေသာအယူ၊
(ပညာရွိတို႔) စက္ဆုပ္အပ္ေသာ အယူ၊ ခြၽတ္ယြင္း ေဖာက္ျပန္
မမွန္ေသာအားျဖင့္- ႐ႈျမင္ သုံးသပ္တတ္ေသာ တရား-
႐ႈျမင္သုံးသပ္ေၾကာင္း- တရား- ႐ႈျမင္သုံးသပ္ျခင္း၊
ဝဋ္ဆင္းရဲမွ မထုတ္ေဆာင္တတ္ေသာ အယူ၊
မွားေသာအယူ၊ မိစၧာဒိ႒ိ။ </div>
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<b> • (4) ကုဟက </b>= deceitful, a cheat.
အံ့ဖြယ္သရဲကို ျဖစ္ေစေသာ၊အံ့ဩေစေသာ၊ ဟန္ေဆာင္ဝါႂကြား</div>
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ေသာ၊ သူ။
• လိမ္လည္တတ္သည္။ • လူလိမ္။ </div>
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•<b>(5-9) အာနႏၲရိယ</b> = စုတိ၏ အျခားမဲ့၌ ျဖစ္ေသာ အက်ိဳး-၌ ယွဉ္ေသာ-ရွိေသာ-ကို
ျပဳျခင္း (ျဖစ္ေပၚလာေစျခင္း) အေလ့ရွိေသာ၊ စုတိစိတ္ျဖစ္ၿပီး
(ေသၿပီး) သည္ႏွင့္တၿပိဳင္နက္ ခ်က္ျခင္း အပါယ္ငရဲ ပဋိသေႏၶအက်ိဳးကို
မခြၽတ္မလႊဲ အျမဲမုခ်၊ ျဖစ္ေပၚေစတတ္ေသာ၊ ကံ
(မာတုဃာတက စေသာ အာနႏၲရိယ ကံ ငါးပါး)။<br />
<br />
(၂)အႏၲရာယ္-အေႏွာက္အယွက္၊အဖ်က္အဆီး-မရွိေသာ၊အပါယ္ငရဲပဋိသေႏၶ-အက်ိဳးကိုမေပးႏိုင္ေစျခင္းငွါ အျခားေသာဆန္႔က်င္ဘက္ကံမ်ားကအႏၲရာယ္မျပဳ-မတားျမစ္မဖ်က္ဆီး-ႏိုင္ေသာ၊ကံ (မာတုဃာတက-ပိတုဃာတက-အရဟႏၱဃာတက-ေလာဟိတုပၸါဒက-သံဃေဘဒကဟူေသာ အာနႏၲရိယကံ ငါးပါး)။</div>
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<b>(10) •ေထယ်-သံဝါသက</b> = one who lives clandestinely (with bhikkhus). </div>
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ခိုးေၾကာင္ခိုးဝွက္ရဟန္းေယာင္ေဆာင္၍ရဟန္းတို႔ႏွင့္အတူေနေသာသူ။လိင္သံဝါသခိုးေသာသူ။<br />
ခိုးျခင္းျဖင့္-ေပါင္းသင္း-ဆက္ဆံ-ျခင္း (ရဟန္းဝါ ေရတြက္ျခင္း,
ရွိခိုးခံျခင္း-စေသာ အျပဳအမူထူး) ရွိေသာ၊ သူ၊ </div>
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<b>(11)တိတၳိယ-ပကၠႏၲက</b>=တိတၳိ-တို႔၌-တို႔သို႔-ေရႊ႕ေျပာင္း-ဝင္သြား-ေသာ၊တိတၳိတို႔၏အယူဝါဒ ကိုလက္ခံက်င့္သုံးေသာ၊ သူ။</div>
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((တိတၳိယ =
•အယူမွားေသာ သူ။
•တစ္ပါးေသာ အယူရွိေသာ သူ။
•တိတၳိ။<br />
a heretical teacher; and adherent of another
religion. An adherent of a heretical sect or system of
philosophy, a sectarian, heretic, unorthodox believer </div>
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ပကၠႏၱ = stepped forward; gone away.Changer.<br />
ကူးေျပာင္းသြားေသာ၊ အယူတစ္ပါး-အျခားတဖက္-သို႔ ကူးေျပာင္းသြားေသာ၊ သူ။))</div>
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<b>(12) ဘိကၡဳနီဒူသက</b> [ဘိကၡဳနီ+ဒူသက] ဘိကၡဳနီမကို-ဖ်က္ဆီး-ဗလကၠာရျပဳ-သူ။ </div>
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((ဘိကၡဳနီ (ဣ) •ရဟန္းမိန္းမ။
A female mendicant, a Buddhist nun. </div>
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ဒူသက (တိ) •ဖ်က္ဆီးတတ္သည္။ one who defiles or defames; corrupting;
spoiling. Defiling; injuring, destroying)) </div>
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<b> (13) •ပ႑က </b>= an eunuch, a castrated man </div>
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•နပုန္း။ •ပ႑ဳက္။ •လိင္မထင္ရွားေသာသူ။•မိန္းမလွ်ာ။ </div>
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<b>(14)ဥဘေတာဗ်ၪၨန=</b>(မိန္းမနိမိတ္ကိုျဖစ္ေစေသာကံ,ေယာက္က်ားနိမိတ္ကိုျဖစ္ေစေသာကံ)<br />
ႏွစ္ခုတို႔ေၾကာင့္(မိန္းမအဂၤါဇာတ္,ေယာက္က်ားအဂၤါဇာတ္ဟူေသာ)ဗ်ည္းႏွစ္ခုရွိေသာ၊သူ။ ဥဘေတာဗ်ည္း။</div>
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<b>(15) သံဃာဒိေသသ</b> • သံဃကံျဖင့္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ရာေသာ အာပတ္။<br />
Requiring a saṅghakamma at every stage </div>
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သံဃာဒိေသသ္အာပတ္သင့္ၿပီးမကုစားေသာ ရဟန္း၊ </div>
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<b>(16)</b> အသက္-၇-ႏွစ္ေအာက္ငယ္ေသာ လူ.ရွင္။ </div>
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-56979550674959914612013-03-08T20:41:00.000+06:302013-03-08T21:04:34.816+06:30အင္အားႀကီးမာေသာ ဗုဒၶ၏ သံဃအဖြ႔ဲအစည္း<p style=" margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block;"> <a title="View Sangha on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/129290953" style="text-decoration: underline;" ></a> by <a title="View 's profile on Scribd" href="undefined" style="text-decoration: underline;" ></a> </p><iframe class="scribd_iframe_embed" src="http://www.scribd.com/embeds/129290953/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll" data-auto-height="false" data-aspect-ratio="undefined" scrolling="no" id="doc_3734" width="100%" height="600" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-55853185569939919902012-10-06T04:19:00.000+06:302012-10-19T17:25:54.224+06:30IP Address Change လုိက္ရျခင္းBanaras Hindi University (B. H. U.) မွာ အင္တာနက္လုိင္းသုံးမရတာ ၅ ရက္ခန္႔ေလာက္ရွိသြားပါဘီ။ ဘာျဖစ္လုိ႔ မရတာလဲ ဆုိပီးလုိက္ အေျဖရွာလုိက္ေတာ့ SriLanka ေက်ာင္းသားက ေအာက္ပါအတုိင္း ေျဖရွင္းေပးသြားတယ္။
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ဒါပီးေတာ့ အဲဒီနံပါတ္ေတြ ထည့္ရုိက္ေပးရတယ္။
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Ok ေပါ့ဗ်ာ။ ဒါေပမယ့္ ဘာျဖစ္လုိ႔ အဲဒီလုိေတြ လုိက္လုပ္ေပးရသလဲဆုိတဲ့ သီအုိရီကုိ နားမလည္ဘူး။ နားလည္တဲ့သူမ်ားရွိမယ္ ဆုိရင္ တစိတ္ေလာက္ ေျပာျပေပးပါ့လားဗ်ာ။ ေက်းဇူးတင္စြာျဖင့္....
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-85498029505659256572012-09-22T05:30:00.002+06:302012-10-19T17:25:54.225+06:30Window တင္ၿပီး Genuine မျဖစ္ခဲ့ေသာ္ဟုိတေန႔က သယ္ရင္းတစ္ေယာက္ရဲ႕ ကြန္ျပဴတာကုိ ဆုိင္မွာ သြားပီး Window 7 တင္တာ အခန္းထဲေရာက္လုိ႔ ဖြင့္ၾကည့္လုိက္ေတာ့
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ကြန္ျပဴတာ ေအာက္ေျခမွာ ဒါမ်ိဳးႀကီးလာေပၚေနတယ္။ ဒါႀကီးကုိ ဘယ္လုိရွင္းရမလဲ လုိ႔ လုိက္ရွာၾကည့္လုိက္ေတာ့ အေျဖေတြ အမ်ားႀကီးရွာ ေတြ႔ပါရဲ႕၊ အားလုံးက ေဆာ့ဖ္ဝဲ ေတြေမာင္းပီး ေျဖရွင္းထားတာ။ အဲဒါကုိမႀကိဳက္ဘူး။ ေဆာ့ဖ္ဝဲ မေမာင္းရဘဲ ဘယ္လုိေျဖရွင္း နုိင္မလဲ ထပ္ရွာၾကည့္ေတာ့ အေျဖက ဒီလုိေတြ႔တယ္။ အပုိင္းႏွစ္ပုိင္း ခဲြထားတယ္။ အပုိင္း ၁။ Start ကုိကလစ္ -> Search programs and file (box) မွာ ->update လုိ႔ ရုိက္ထဲ့ ပီးဒီလုိဆက္သြား ->View install update-> update for Microsoft Window-> ေအာက္နားမွာ-> (KB971033) ကုိရွာပီး အဲဒီအေပၚမွာ Right Click -> Uninstall -> Ok. ေပးလုိက္ပါ။
အပုိင္း ၂။ Click Start (again) -> Search programs and file (box) မွာ -> cmd လုိ႔ရုိက္ထဲ့၊ ေပၚလာတဲ့ cmd ေပၚကုိ -> Right Click -> Run as လုပ္ေပး။ ေပၚလာတဲ့ -> box ထဲက စာသားအဆုံးမွာ -> slmgr (pack space) -rearm ->လုိ႔ ရုိက္ထဲပီး Enter ကီးကုိ ႏွိပ္ေပးလုိက္ပါ။ အဆင္ေျပသြားပါမည္။ ေအာက္မွာ ပုံမ်ားႏွင့္တကြ ရွင္းျပေပးထားပါတယ္။ ေလ့လာၾကည့္လုိက္ပါ။
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ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-23433808270484912192012-06-22T16:33:00.001+06:302012-06-22T16:37:46.440+06:30Suu Kyi Makes Historic Address to British Parliament<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">LONDON -- Burmese pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi asked for practical help in completing Burma’s journey towards democracy, during a high-profile visit to London’s Westminster Hall. The Nobel laureate addressed both houses of Britain's parliament. </div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">Aung San Suu Kyi said Burma must grasp the opportunity it has for democracy. “It is an opportunity for which we have waited many decades,” she said. “If we do not use this opportunity, if we do not get things right this time round, it may be several decades more before a similar opportunity arises again.”</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">The Nobel laureate spoke at Westminster Hall, the 11th century venue typically reserved for heads of state. But it was a fitting setting for a woman widely ^ respected in Europe as a human rights icon.</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">She called on Britain to consider what it can do to help build the institutions needed to support the country's parliamentary democracy.</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">In a sign that the bonds between Britain and Burma are deepening, British Prime Minister David Cameron announced Burma’s president, Thein Sein, has also been invited to visit Britain. During a joint news conference with Suu Kyi, Cameron warned of the challenges ahead.</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">“Just as it was wrong to give in to despair when things were going badly,” said the British prime minister. “So I think you are absolutely right to warn now against reckless optimism that a happier era may be in prospect. We will remain vigorous and rigorous in our questioning until we have made those changes irreversible.”</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">Military rule ended in Burma last year and reforms have begun to take effect. Suu Kyi lived under house arrest for most of the past two decades, but was released in 2010. Her trip to Europe highlights how her popularity has grown in the intervening years.</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">In Switzerland she addressed the International Labor Organization; in Norway she officially accepted the Nobel Peace Prize, which she was awarded in 1991; and in Ireland a concert was held in her honor. In a television interview, the democracy leader said the reception is a sign of “how much the world wants Burma to change in the right direction.” She also said she does not view her new position as a perilous one.</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">“I think of it as a challenge. It’s a challenge not just to me and my party, but it’s a challenge to the government as well and of course to the people in general, because they must play their part,” said Suu Kyi.</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">Burmese activist Maung Zarni told VOA that Aung San Suu Kyi’s popularity in Europe is good for democracy in Burma.</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">“She is very conscious of the fact that she has received this overwhelming support and welcome in Europe and around the world, but she is using that to call attention to the pervasive human-rights and other problems in the country.”</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">With the ear of European politicians, Aung San Suu Kyi says she hopes to gain their support in building Burma’s future.</div></div><embed width="440" height="420" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" src="http://v6.tinypic.com/player.swf?file=2rzs5dl&s=6"><br />
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http://thebestenglish4you.com မွကူးယူေဖာ္ျပသည္။ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-4211064267999552012012-05-21T11:33:00.000+06:302012-05-21T11:33:32.580+06:30သားသမီးတုိ႔အေပၚထားသည့္ မိဘတုိ႔၏ ေမွ်ာ္လင့္ခ်က္မ်ား<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><a title="View Putta Sutta on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/94197725/Putta-Sutta" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">Putta Sutta</a><iframe class="scribd_iframe_embed" src="http://www.scribd.com/embeds/94197725/content?start_page=1&view_mode=list&access_key=key-2i069hcg8yyh4lbltbhu" data-auto-height="true" data-aspect-ratio="0.706697459584296" scrolling="no" id="doc_43875" width="100%" height="600" frameborder="0"></iframe><br />
</div>ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-76914537782979153542012-05-19T00:15:00.001+06:302012-05-19T00:15:35.340+06:30မိဘေက်းဇူးဆပ္နည္း<a title="View Samacittavagga on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/94051679/Samacittavagga" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">Samacittavagga</a><iframe class="scribd_iframe_embed" src="http://www.scribd.com/embeds/94051679/content?start_page=1&view_mode=list&access_key=key-2a7kb1cgkkglftwj7b9e" data-auto-height="true" data-aspect-ratio="0.706697459584296" scrolling="no" id="doc_63345" width="100%" height="600" frameborder="0"></iframe>ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-79590106544832434502012-05-04T20:29:00.001+06:302012-05-04T20:31:18.312+06:30International Buddhist Flag<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: blue;">I</span><span style="color: yellow;">n</span>t<span style="color: red;"></span></b><b><span style="color: red;">e</span></b><b><span style="color: #f1c232;">r</span><span style="color: blue;">n</span><span style="color: yellow;">a</span>t<span style="color: red;">i</span><span style="color: orange;">o</span><span style="color: blue;">n</span><span style="color: yellow;">a</span>l <span style="color: blue;">B</span><span style="color: yellow;">u</span>d<span style="color: red;">d</span><span style="color: orange;">h</span><span style="color: blue;">i</span><span style="color: yellow;">s</span>t <span style="color: blue;">F</span><span style="color: yellow;">l</span>a<span style="color: red;">g</span></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhna2km0wqCKuzefB2UGBv_e-5aZuJY_oBPCYl7GiU8vvCpvfENcqs1AjHpeqO7BSvF3kSeC_hk2whzZM803v2l68grYZrvdlRI4QaD_bF4MSBlrilCVYcU8Lm4R26etRP1kNOqLwV5CKI/s1600/bkgr3.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="42" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhna2km0wqCKuzefB2UGBv_e-5aZuJY_oBPCYl7GiU8vvCpvfENcqs1AjHpeqO7BSvF3kSeC_hk2whzZM803v2l68grYZrvdlRI4QaD_bF4MSBlrilCVYcU8Lm4R26etRP1kNOqLwV5CKI/s320/bkgr3.gif" width="320" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Buddhist flag, first hoisted in 1885 in Sri Lanka, is a symbol of faith and peace used throughout the world to represent the Buddhist faith. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The six colors; Blue (nila), Yellow (pita), Red (lohita), White (odata), Scarlet (manjestha), and the mixture of these six colors (prabaswara) of the flag represent the colors of the aura that emanated from the body of the Buddha when He attained Enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Horizontal Stripes represent the races of the world living in harmony and the Vertical Stripes represent eternal world peace. The colors symbolize the perfection of Buddhahood and the Dharma.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Blue light that radiated from the Buddha's hair symbolizes the spirit of Universal Compassion for all beings.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Yellow light that radiated from the Buddha's epidermis symbolizes the Middle Way which avoids all extremes and brings balance and liberation.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Red light that radiated from the Buddha's flesh symbolizes the blessings that the practice of the Buddha's Teaching brings.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The White light that radiated from the Buddha's bones and teeth symbolizes the purity of the Buddha's Teaching and the liberation it brings.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Orange light that radiated from the Buddha's palms, heels and lips symbolizes the unshakable Wisdom of the Buddha's Teaching. The Combination Color symbolizes the universality of the Truth of the Buddha's Teaching. (Burmese Buddhist replaced with Pink.)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Therefore, the overall flag represents that:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Regardless of race, nationality, division or color, all sentient beings possess the potential of Buddhahood.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The six colors are better interpreted as : </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPQT_nRY9Tzus5cDzR3Ggya8dZ0fcwdde4k-K8bTl9_iI9ycL0yUXZg6esqYhvbTwIipFxBdXTd1QIhIaWBTyg4g5UGIVDK5U9xXvoJVDfTBurpgVCVqAAHjHV8lMz82bk1gx0h6iLOgs/s1600/Flag-001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPQT_nRY9Tzus5cDzR3Ggya8dZ0fcwdde4k-K8bTl9_iI9ycL0yUXZg6esqYhvbTwIipFxBdXTd1QIhIaWBTyg4g5UGIVDK5U9xXvoJVDfTBurpgVCVqAAHjHV8lMz82bk1gx0h6iLOgs/s320/Flag-001.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The horizontal bars signify peace and harmony between all races through out the world while the vertical bars represent eternal peace within the world. In simple terms, the Buddhist Flag implies that there is no discrimination of races, nationality, areas or skin color; that every living being possess the Buddha Nature and all have the potential to become a Buddha.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">This following article was contributed by Ven. Sobhita Maha Thero.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">HISTORY OF THE BUDDHISTS' FLAG</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Flag has been by people since the infancy of civilization. The purpose of using the flag is an expression of Identity, Superiority or Victory According to Dhajagga Sutta of Samyutta Nikaya, the Buddha has given certain instructions to the monks using the flag (Dhaja) of Sakka, the King Deities as an illustration. However, in the history of Buddhism, no evidence could be traced of an internationally accepted Buddhist Flag until 1950.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">It was the year when the World Fellowship of Buddhists met in Colombo, Sri Lanka, where the present six-colored Buddhist Flag was officially adopted as the international Buddhist symbol. The original concept of Buddhist Flag was first conceived in the minds of the members of Colombo Buddhist Committee, some 75 years before the WFB Meeting. And the proposed flag was for the first time ceremoniously hoisted at a Colombo temple call Dipaduttamaramaya by Ven. Migettuwatte Gunananda - the well known debater on Vesak Day, 28 April. 1885.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">On designing the flag, credit must be given to the "Colombo Committee" headed by Mr. Pujita Gunawardhana, as it is mentioned in a local newspaper called "Sarasavi Sandaresa" on 17 April 1885. Later, Colonel Henry Steele Olcott - an eminent Buddhist reformer - is said to have redesigned the flag in the present Shape. Appreciating the work, as an "unique idea of the Colombo brothers" he suggested the size should be as that of a country national flag. This was unanimously approved by the superior monks and the Buddhist committee.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">This is how the flag evolved into the present size from its original "inconvenient shape of a ship's long flag." Consisted of six colors, the Buddhists' flag viz. Blue (nila), Yellow (pita), Red (lohita), White (odata), Scarlet (manjestha), and the mixture of these six colors (prabaswara) are significant of the rays emanated from the Buddha's Body forming the six colored aura system (rasmi mala)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">By Ven. Sobhita Maha Thero (MA Ph.D.)</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Religious Adviser</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Bodhiraja Buddhist Society</div><div style="text-align: justify;">No 3 Jalan Ulu Siglap</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Singapore 457122</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Tel : (+65)64453007</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Email: bodhiraj@singnet.com.sg</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Many people, including Buddhists, believe that their flag dates back to the time of Dutugamunu (second-century BC). In fact, the flag was invented in 1880 by an American journalist, Colonel Henry Steele Olcott. Olcott was a fascinating character. A former soldier and lawyer, he set up the Theosophical Society of New York. He arrived in Sri Lanka with the renowned spiritualist Madame Blavatsky on 17 February 1880- a day which was subsequently celebrated as Olcott Day in independent Sri Lanka. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">He founded the Buddhist Theosophical Society, devised a Buddhist catechism, encouraged Buddhist versions of Christmas carols and cards, and inspired the founding of Buddhist schools and the YMBA - the Young Men's Buddhist Association. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">There are six colors in the flag, but the human eyes can see only five. They are described in the Scriptures as emanating from the aura around the Buddha's head. There are 5 vertical stripes of red, yellow, blue, white and orange. The sixth color is a compound of the first 5,but for design purposes its five ingredients are all shown in small horizontal stripes on the fly. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">However, Olcott felt that local Buddhists in Sri Lanka needed a symbol to rally around. His flag achieved that: it became the emblem of the international Buddhist movement and is flown today worldwide in Buddhist buildings and at Buddhist celebrations. When he died in 1907, Olcott's body was shrouded in both the Buddhist and American flags before his cremation. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Sources:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">An Introduction to Buddhism, Peter Harvey, CUP, 1990 </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Buddhism Transformed: Religious Change in Sri Lanka, Gombrich & Obeyesekere, Princetown UP, 1988 </div><div style="text-align: justify;">A Popular Dictionary of Buddhism, Christmas Humphreys, Curzon,1984 </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The World of Buddhism, Bechert & Gombrich, Thames & Hudson, 1984</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Here is another source which I had 2nd thought:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Buddhist Flag was invented in 1952 at the World's Second Buddhists' Fellowship Conference which was held in Japan. The flag was invented to symbolize the special features of Buddhism. Its six colors were taken from the rays which radiated from the Holy Body of the Buddha immediately after he attained enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree at Buddhagaya in India. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">5* Here is a response from Burma:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The fifth color of the Rays of the Buddha as symbolized in Sasana Flags adopted in Burma is the light pink although it should be dark red color, known in Pali as Manjittha. As you know Mr. Henry S. Olcott originally suggested the use of the well-defined colors of the Rays associated with the Enlightenment of the Buddha. I wonder why other countries used orange color instead of dark red color. If I know why we choose the pink color, I will let you know.</div><div style="color: red; text-align: justify;"><b>From: Maung Lwin</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Another comment from Canada:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Hello, Here is an interpretation of the Buddhist flag that make more sense and also in agreement with Buddhist teachings. Attaining enlightenment is seeing beyond our six sensors, eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The mind (or knowledge) is what you have gathered from the first five. The five color strips represent the first five sensors and the sixth one with the combination of the previous five represent the mind. This suggest that the origin of the flag must be long before Olcott. I heard this from a "stream winner".</div><div style="color: red; text-align: justify;"><b>From: M Munidasa</b></div></div>ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-91457365611275530272012-05-04T17:22:00.000+06:302012-05-04T17:22:48.646+06:30VESAK DAY ( ကဆုံလျပည့္ ဗုဒၶေန႔<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGb8PJpPyWk3nEox1YN7OdvF930UOQP9irCvhyc00mhT1SAj8VMKeF9dQ2GVBHcQyHxqSBaoL4GWa2blaDzIHC-8ucNLW3GZLbyToCNJcEOydjTRwmtXdozxMWwey_5E_T9SV6h__V4NY/s1600/image002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGb8PJpPyWk3nEox1YN7OdvF930UOQP9irCvhyc00mhT1SAj8VMKeF9dQ2GVBHcQyHxqSBaoL4GWa2blaDzIHC-8ucNLW3GZLbyToCNJcEOydjTRwmtXdozxMWwey_5E_T9SV6h__V4NY/s320/image002.jpg" width="193" /></a></div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">The full moon day of May is known as the Vesak Day. The Buddha was born, attained the Enlightenment and passed away on the Vesak Day.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The month of May is known as “Vaisakha” in Sanskrit language and “Vesakha” in Pali language and “Vesak” in Singhalese language.So for Sri Lankans and many other Buddhists, Vesak Day means the full moon day of May. Thai people know the same day as “Visakha Day”. By the United Nations it is recognized as the “Vesak Day”.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">On the Indian borders of present Nepal in the Lumbini park at Kapilavatthu a noble prince was born on the full moon day of May, in the year 623 B. C. His father was king Suddhodana and mother was Queen Mahamaya. The newborn prince was named as Siddhartha. His family name was Gautama.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">When he was 29 years old, he gave up his palaces, kingdom and everything and renounced the worldly pleasures in search of the truth. Then as an acetic He went to many well-known religious masters. By that He came to know that neither their methods nor practices led to final liberation or Nirvana. So He left them all and practiced the Middle Way or the Noble Eight Fold Path that includes Morality (Sila) Concentration (Samadhi) and Wisdom (Panna). </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The truth seekers did not know this method at that time. By practicing in this way He realized the real nature of the world, the life, and this is the attainment of Buddha hood. It was His 35th birthday, which also was a full moon day of May. That place where he sat for meditation on that night was later known as Buddha Gaya and the tree, which gave him the shade at the moment, was known as the Bodhi Tree.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Buddha was not a god, a messenger of a god or a son of a godHe was a man. To attain this Buddha hood he fulfilled ten Paramitas or Perfections. These are Generosity (Dana), Morality (Sila), Renunciation (Nekkhamma)), Wisdom (Panna), Energy (Viriya), Patience (Kanti), Truthfulness (Sacca), Determination (Adhitthana), Loving-kindness (Metta), and Equanimity (Upekkha). </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">In millions and millions of his past lives he practiced those ten perfections in order to attain the Buddha hood. With the attainment of the Buddha hood He came to be the teacher for gods and humans. There upon He wandered preaching the doctrine or the Dharma showing the way to get rid of birth and death circle of Samara out of compassion towards all the beings including human, divine, and Brahma beings.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">When He was 80 years old He passed away on the full moon day of May in the Sala Grove of the Mallas between the twin Sala trees. His last advice was “all component things are subject to change. Strive on with diligence”.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Today His teaching is called Buddhism. To propagate it no one was converted by force and also for that purpose not a drop of a blood was shed, during the Buddhist history of 2549 years. So on this full moon day of May too all the Buddhists and Buddhist friends celebrate the birth, the attaining to the Enlightenment and passing away of the Buddha by practicing generosity, morality and meditation.</div></div>ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-60609030813537173322012-03-05T23:07:00.000+06:302012-03-05T23:07:53.299+06:30ေရႊတိဂံုေစတီေတာ္ၾကီးႏွင့္ အဂၤလန္ႏိုင္ငံသား လူ၀င္စားတစ္ဦး၏ ဘ၀ၿဖစ္ရပ္မွန္<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLr7iAOaC8c2eqa61Q3c1HTDb1lljW553ihsLVPJe3NS89uVQFYeBu4BYjLmPKRgtLQ4cf1MUm380fgEq-cUoxiWCwWtXHwDvi4n5lwEAOcpDdfoRKv5uEXIIYDV-pT6tYwyMGnzkSBLc/s1600/rangoon2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLr7iAOaC8c2eqa61Q3c1HTDb1lljW553ihsLVPJe3NS89uVQFYeBu4BYjLmPKRgtLQ4cf1MUm380fgEq-cUoxiWCwWtXHwDvi4n5lwEAOcpDdfoRKv5uEXIIYDV-pT6tYwyMGnzkSBLc/s1600/rangoon2.jpg" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ေသခါနီးေရာက္ေနသည့္ သတၱ၀ါသည္ မိမိၿပဳထားေသာ ေကာင္းမႈကံ၊ မေကာင္းမႈကံ တစ္ခုခုကို ၿဖစ္ေစ၊ ထုိကံကိုၿပဳစဥ္က ၾကံဳေတြ႔ခဲ့ရေသာ အာရံုကိုၿဖစ္ေစ၊ ၿဖစ္ရမည့္ ေနာင္ဘ၀က အေၿခအေနကိုၿဖစ္ေစ ထင္ၿမင္စြဲလမ္းလ်က္ရိွေန၏။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ထိုအာရံုကို အလုိမရိွေသာ္လည္း ထုိအခါမ်ိဳးမွာ ပယ္ေဖ်ာက္၍မရ၊ ထုိ႔ေၾကာင့္ ေသခါနီး၌ မိန္းေမာေတြေ၀ေနေသာ သူတို႔တြင္ တစ္ခ်ိဳ႕မွာ တစ္စံုတစ္ခုကုိ ၿပဳလုပ္ေနသကဲ့သို႔ လည္းေကာင္း၊ တစ္ခ်ိဳ႔မွာ ၀မ္းသာစရာ ေပ်ာ္ရႊင္စရာမ်ား ေတြ႔ေနသကဲ့သုိ႔လည္းေကာင္း၊ တစ္ခ်ိဳ႔မွာ ေၾကာက္လန္႔ စရာ ေဘးရန္ မ်ားႏွင့္ ေတြ႔ေန သကဲ့သုိ႔လည္းေကာင္း ထူးထူးၿခားၿခားၿဖစ္ေနသည္ကို အနီးအပါးရိွလူမ်ားက အထင္ရွားေတြ႔ရေလသည္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">တစ္ခ်ိဳ႕မွာ မိန္းေမာေတြေ၀ရာက ၿပန္လည္သတိရလာေသာအခါ “ဘယ္လုိလူက ေခၚသြားသည္ ဘယ္လုိေနရာေရာက္သြားသည္” စသၿဖင့္ လည္း ၿပန္လည္၍လည္း ေၿပာတတ္ၾက၏။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ဤသို႔ေသာ အာရံုနိမိတ္တစ္ခုခုကို စြဲလမ္းရင္းပင္ ေနာက္ဆံုးစုတိစိတ္ကေလး ခ်ဳပ္ပ်က္လ်က္ ေသ သြား၏။ ေသ ဆုိသည္မွာလည္း ယခုၾကံသိလုိက္ေသာ စိတ္ကေလးတစ္ခု ကုန္ဆံုးသြားၿခင္းမ်ိဳးပင္ၿဖစ္၏။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ယခုၾကံသိေနေသာ ေရွးေရွး စိတ္ မ်ား ကုန္ဆံုးသြားတိုင္း ထိုစိတ္မ်ား၏ အဟုန္ေၾကာင့္ ေနာက္ေနာက္စိတ္မ်ား မၿပတ္ဆက္စပ္ကာ ၿဖစ္ေနသကဲ့သို႔ စုတိစိတ္ကေလး ၿပတ္စဲ သြားသည္ႏွင့္တၿပိဳင္နက္ ေသခါနီးက စြဲလမ္းခဲ့သည့္ အာရံုကိုပင္ ဆက္လက္ထင္ၿမင္လ်က္ ဘ၀သစ္ဌာန၌ စိတ္အသစ္စ၍ ၿဖစ္ေပၚလာ၏။ ( ၁၉၇၇ - ဒီဇင္ဘာလထုတ္၊ မဟာစည္ဆရာေတာ္ဘုရားၾကီး၏ဘ၀ၿပႆနာ စာ - ၂၆ )</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ေသတဲ့အခါ စိတ္စြဲထင္ရာ ဘ၀သစ္ၿဖစ္ေပၚရေၾကာင္း ေက်းဇူးေတာ္ရွင္ မဟာစည္ဆရာေတာ္ဘုရားၾကီးက ရွင္းလင္းေဖာ္ၿပ ခဲ့တာ ၿဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ မေသခင္ ေနစဥ္ကတည္းက စြဲစိတ္ေတြကို သတိနဲ႔ၿဖတ္ခ်ႏိုင္တဲ့ အက်င့္ေကာင္းကေလးေတြ က်င့္တက္ၾကေစဖို႔ ၀ိပႆနာ ဆရာေတာ္ၾကီးမ်ားက အၿမဲတမ္းလမ္းညႊန္သတိေပးေနပါတယ္ . </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အေနတတ္ရမယ္၊ အထူးသၿဖင့္ အေသတတ္ရမယ္ လုိ႔ ၾသ၀ါဒေပးေနတာဟာ ေသခါနီးမွာၿဖစ္ေပၚလာတဲ့ စြဲစိတ္ေတြရဲ႕ အႏ ၱရာယ္ကုိ ၾကိဳတင္ကာကြယ္ေစခ်င္လုိ႔ ၿဖစ္ပါတယ္။ အေလာင္းေတာ္ၾကီး မ်ားေသာ္ မွ ႏုစဥ္ဘ၀မ်ားမွာ အာရံုမွားၿပီး တိရစ ၧာန္ဘ၀မ်ားသို႔ လားေရာက္ရေသးတယ္ မဟုတ္ပါလား။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ေက်ာင္းေဆာက္ၿပီးလွဴတဲ့ ေက်ာင္းဒကာၾကီး ေက်ာင္းကိုစြဲၿပီး ေသသြားတဲ့အခါ ေက်ာင္းေစာင့္ၿပိတၱာၿဖစ္ရ</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ရွာပံု၊ ဘုရားဒကာၾကီးလည္း ဘုရားေစတီကို စြဲၿပီး ေသသြားတဲ့အခါ ဘုရားေစာင့္ၿပိတၱာ ၿဖစ္ရရွာပံုေတြကို မဟာေဗာဓိၿမိဳင္ ဆရာေတာ္ဘုရားၾကီးကလည္း သာဓကေဆာင္ ေဟာၾကားခဲ့ဖူး ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">လြန္ခဲ့ေသာႏွစ္ေပါင္းတစ္ရာနီးပါး ၿမန္မာသကၠရာဇ္ ၁၂၇၈ ခုႏွစ္က အမွတ္ထင္ထင္ၿဖစ္ပ်က္ခဲ့တဲ့ ၿဖစ္ရပ္မွန္ဇာတ္လမ္းတစ္ပုဒ္ ဟာလည္း ကုသို္လ္ရွင္ၾကီးတစ္ဦးရဲ႕ စြဲစိတ္ေၾကာင့္ ၾကံဳေတြ႔ခဲ့ရတဲ့ ဒုကၡသုကၡေတြကို ထူးထူးၿခားၿခား ေဖၚၿပေနသလုိရိွပါေတာ့တယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အဲဒီတုန္းက ကုသိုလ္ ရွင္ၾကီး တစ္ဦးဟာ ေရႊတိဂံုေစတီၾကီးရဲ႕ စေနေထာင့္ အေနာက္ေတာင္ယြန္းယြန္းမွာ တန္ေဆာင္းၾကီး တစ္ေဆာင္ ေဆာက္လုပ္ လွဴဒါန္း ခဲ့ပါ တယ္ ။ တန္ေဆာင္းၾကီးအတြင္းမွာလည္း အမ်ားၿပည္သူတို႔ ၾကည္ညိဳဖုိ႔ ရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီးတစ္ဆူ ပင့္ေဆာင္ကိုးကြယ္ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ကုသို္လ္ရွင္ၾကီးဟာ မိမိရဲ႕ကုသိုလ္ေကာင္းမႈေတြကို အားကိုးၿပီးေတာ့ ကုသိုလ္ရမယ့္ အလုပ္ေတြကိုသာ ၾကိဳးစားလုပ္ေဆာင္ေနခဲ့ပါတယ္။ဒါေၾကာင့္သူေသရင္နတ္ၿပည္ေတာ့မလြဲဘူးလုိ႔အားလံုးက ေထာပနာ</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ၿပဳၾကေလ့ ရိွသတဲ့။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဒီလိုနဲ႔ တစ္ေန႔မွာ ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီး ရိွရာ ေရႊတိဂံု ဘုရား ရင္ၿပင္ေတာ္ဆီ ကာလအတန္ၾကာကြဲကြာေနတဲ့ မိတ္ေဆြေတြေရာက္ လာၾကပါတယ္ ။ ေရာက္မဆိုက္ဆိုသလုိ မိတ္ေဆြေတြက -</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ဘုရားဒကာ တန္ေဆာင္းဒကာၾကီးရဲ႕သတင္းေတြကေတာ့ဗ်ာ၊ ဘိလပ္အထိေအာင္ ေမႊးပါေပတယ္” လုိ႔ ခ်ီးက်ဴးၾကပါတယ္။ `ေဩာ္.. သူတို႔က ဘိလပ္ၿပန္ ေတြကိုး။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူတို႔ အဂၤလန္သြားေနတာလည္း ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီး အခုမွ သတိရတယ္။ ဘိလပ္ၿပန္ မိတ္ေဆြမ်ားက.. “ ကုသိုလ္ေကာင္းမႈေတြ ဒီေလာက္လုပ္ေနတာ ေသရင္ နတ္ၿပည္ေတာ့ မလြဲဘူးလုိ႔ ေၿပာေနၾကပါလား မိတ္ေဆြၾကီးရဲ႕.. ဒါနဲ႔ နတ္ၿပည္ ေၿခာက္ထပ္ဆိုတာ ဘယ္မွာရိွပါလိမ့္ မိတ္ေဆြၾကီး..” လုိ႔ လိႈက္လွဲ၀မ္းသာ ေမးၾကပါတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီးက မုိးေမာ့ၾကည့္ၿပီး “ နတ္ၿပည္ဆုိတာ မိုးေပၚမွာေပ့ါဗ်ာ” လုိ႔ ၿပံဳးၿပံဳးရႊင္ရႊင္ ေၿဖလိုက္တယ္။ ဘိလပ္ၿပန္မိတ္ေဆြၾကီးတစ္ေယာက္က- “ မုိးေပၚမွာ နတ္ၿပည္ဆုိတာ မေသခ်ာပါဘူးဗ်ာ .. ဒီမွာေက်ာင္းဒကာၾကီး၊ ေဟာဒီ ေၿမၿပင္ေပၚမွာတင္နတ္ၿပည္ဆိုတာရိွေနတယ္ဗ်”လုိ႔ခႏိုးခနဲ႔ေၿပာလိုက္ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီး ေယာင္နန ၿဖစ္သြားစဥ္မွာပဲ အၿခားေသာ ဘိလပ္ၿပန္မိတ္ေဆြၾကီးႏွစ္ဦးက “ ဟုတ္တယ္ဗ်၊ က်ဳပ္တို႔ေရာက္ခဲ့တဲ့ ဘိလပ္ဆိုတဲ့ အဂၤလန္ကြ်န္းဟာ တကယ့္နတ္ၿပည္ပဲ၊ ေၿမၿပင္ေပၚက နတ္ၿပည္ပဲ။ ဘိလပ္သူ ဘိလပ္သားေတြဆိုတာလည္း နတ္သမီး နတ္သားေတြ က်လို႔ဗ်ာ..ဘိလပ္မွာ ဆင္းရဲတယ္ဆိုတာ ဘာမွန္းမသိေအာင္ အခ်ိန္ၿပည့္ ဇိမ္ခံေနၾကတယ္၊ ဘံုနန္းေဆာင္ၾကီးေတြ ယာဥ္ ရထားေတြ ပန္းဥယ်ာဥ္ၾကီးေတြဆိုတာလည္း နတ္ၿပည္မွာေတာင္ ရိွမယ္မထင္ပါဘူးဗ်ာ” စသၿဖင့္ ဘိလပ္ခ်ီးမြမ္းခန္း ကို အဆန္းတၾကယ္ေၿပာ လိုက္ၾကတာ ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီးပါးစပ္အေဟာင္းသားနဲ႔ေငးေမာနားေထာင္ယူရတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဘိလပ္ၿပန္မိတ္ေဆြေတြ ၿပန္သြားသည့္တုိင္ သူ႔နားထဲမွာ “ဘိလပ္ဆုိတာ နတ္ၿပည္” ဆုိတဲ့ စကားသံၾကြားသံေတြ ပဲ့တင္က်န္ေနရစ္ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဒီလုိနဲ႔ ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီးဟာ ေရႊတိဂံုကုန္းေတာ္ကေန ဘိလပ္တစ္ေခါက္ေလာက္ သြားရေကာင္းေလမလား.. စဥ္းစားခန္း၀င္မိတဲ့ အထိပဲ တဲ့ ။ ေၾသာ္..ငါ့အသက္လည္းၾကီးပါၿပီ၊ ကိုယ့္အလုပ္ ကိုယ္လုပ္တာေကာင္းပါတယ္ဆိုၿပီး ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီးေပၚမွာပဲဒါနသီလအလုပ္ေတြၾကိဳးစားလုပ္ကိုင္ေနပါ</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သတဲ့။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အရြယ္ေရာက္စ သားလူပ်ိဳေပါက္ကို ဘုရားေခၚလာခဲ့ၿပီး လက္ကတံုးေတာင္းေ၀ွးလုပ္ရေသးတယ္။ သားကိုခိုင္းစရာရိွတာခုိင္း၊ သင္စရာရိွတာသင္နဲ႔ အေလ့ေကာင္း၊ အက်င့္ေကာင္း၊ အေမြေကာင္း ဆက္ခံလုပ္ကိုင္ေစပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဒီလိုနဲ႔ ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီးရဲ႕ဘ၀ဆည္းဆာခ်ိန္ ေရာက္လာတဲ့အခါ သူ႕အာရံုမွာ ဘိလပ္၊ အဂၤလန္ဆိုတဲ့ ပံုရိပ္ေတြသာ ကပ္ၿငိလုိ႔ ပံုေပၚ လာပါတယ္။ အဲဒီမွာပဲ ရုတ္တရက္ ေသဆံုးေလရာ ( နတ္ၿပည္သို႔ေရာက္ထိုက္ပါလ်က္ ) အစြဲအၿငိနဲ႔ အာရံုမွား၀င္ဖ်က္လုိ႔ ဘိလပ္မွာ ၀င္စား၊ အဂၤလိပ္အမ်ိဳးသား လူမ်ိဳးၿခားအၿဖစ္ တဖန္ေမြးဖြား ၿပီး လူၿပန္ၿဖစ္ခဲ့ပါေတာ့တယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အဂၤလိပ္ဘ၀ သူ႔နာမည္ ‘ဟြန္းစႏိုး’ ဟု ေခၚတြင္ သတဲ့။ ၿမန္မာၿပည္သား ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီးဘ၀က ၿပဳခဲ့တဲ့ကုသိုလ္ေကာင္းမႈေတြေၾကာင့္ ခ်မ္းခ်မ္းသာသာ ေနရပါတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ၿမန္မာၿပည္သားဘ၀က ေစာင့္ထိန္းခဲ့တဲ့ သီလကုသုိလ္၊ ၿပဳက်င့္ခဲ့တဲ့ဘာ၀နာကုသိုလ္တို႔ရဲ႕ ေက်းဇူးေၾကာင့္ လူငယ္စာသင္သားဘ၀မွာ ပညာထူးခြ်န္သူ ၿဖစ္လာခဲ့ပါတယ္။ သူ အထူးစိတ္၀င္စားတာက ဘာသာေရးနဲ႔အေတြးအေခၚပညာရပ္ေတြ ၿဖစ္လာပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ယခုအခါ သူကိုယ္တိုင္ဟာ ဘာသာၿခားလူမ်ိဳးၿခား ၿဖစ္လာရေပမယ့္ ဗုဒၶဘာသာအေၾကာင့္တေစ့တေစာင္းမွ် ဖတ္မွတ္ေလ့လာရံုမွ်နဲ႔ သူ႔စိတ္ဟာ အၾကီးအက်ယ္ လႈပ္ရွားရတယ္လုိ႔ ဆုိပါတယ္။ ဒီလုိနဲ႔သူဟာ ဗုဒၶ၀ါဒ သုေတသနသမားၾကီး ၿဖစ္မွန္းမသိၿဖစ္လာခဲ့ပါတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူ႔ရဲ႕ သုေတသနလုပ္ငန္းေတြအတြက္ ဗုဒၶဘာသာ၀င္ေတြနဲ႔ ေတြ႔ဆံုေမးၿမန္းစူးစမ္းတာေတြ လုပ္လာရပါတယ္။ အဲဒီမွာ ၿမန္္မာၿပည္က အဂၤလန္ကို ပညာေတာ္သင္လာေရာက္သူမ်ားနဲ႔ ဆံုဆည္းမိရာက သူ႕ဘ၀ရဲ႕ အလွည့္အေၿပာင္းၾကီး တစ္ခု ဘြားခနဲေပၚေပါက္ လာရ ပါေတာ့ တယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ၿမန္မာမိတ္ေဆြတစ္ဦးက အလြန္ၾကည္ညိဳဖြယ္ေကာင္းတဲ့ ဗုဒၶရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ ဓာတ္ပံုတစ္ပံုရယ္ ေရႊေတာင္ၾကီးေပါက္ေန သကဲ့သို႔ အံ့ဖြယ္သပၸါယ္ လွတဲ့ ၿမတ္ဘုရားေရႊတိဂံုပံုေတာ္ တစ္ပံုလက္ေဆာင္ေပးပါတယ္။ အဂၤလိပ္ပညာတတ္ ဟြန္းစႏိုးဟာ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားပံုေတာ္ ၾကည့္ၿပီး ရင္ေတြ တဒိတ္ဒိတ္ခုန္၊ အသားေတြ တဆတ္ဆတ္တုန္လာပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားပံုေတာ္ကို မမွိတ္မသံု စိုက္ၾကည့္ေနစဥ္မွာပဲ ခမ္းနားတဲ့ တန္ေဆာင္းၾကီး တစ္ခုကို သူၿမင္လုိက္ရပါတယ္။ ( တကယ္ေတာ့ သူၾကည့္သည့္ ေရႊတိဂံုပံုေတာ္ဓာတ္ပံုတြင္ တန္ေဆာင္းကို ထည့္သြင္း ရိုက္ကူး ထားၿခင္းမဟုတ္သည့္အတြက္ တန္ေဆာင္း မပါ၀င္ပါ )။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ဟြန္းစႏိုးဟာ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားပံုေတာ္ကို မ်က္စိခြာလုိ႔မရ၊ ၾကည့္ေနရင္းမွာပဲ တန္ေဆာင္းၾကီးတစ္ခု ဖ်ပ္ကနဲ ဖ်ပ္ကနဲ ေပၚလာပါတယ္။ ၿပီးေတာ့ တန္ေဆာင္းအတြင္း အတင့္အတယ္ စမၸါယ္ေနတဲ့ ၿမန္မာလူမ်ိဳးဘ၀က သူလွဴခဲ့တဲ့ ဗုဒၶရုပ္ပြားဆင္းတုေတာ္ၾကီးကိုလည္း ဖူးေတြ႔လိုက္ရၿပန္ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ၿမန္မာပညာေတာ္သင္မိတ္ေဆြကို အလြန္အမင္းေက်းဇူးတင္ၿခင္းၿဖင့္ ႏႈတ္ဆက္ၿပီး အိမ္ၿပန္ေရာက္တာနဲ႔ သူဟာ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားပံုေတာ္ကို ထုတ္ၾကည့္၊ ခြာၾကည့္ ကပ္ၾကည့္ၿပီး တစိမ့္စိမ့္ေငးၾကည့္ ၾကည္ညိဳလုိ႔သာ ေနေတာ့တယ္။ ေနာက္ဆံုးေတာ့ သူဟာ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီးကို ကိုယ္တိုင္သြားေရာက္ဖူးေၿမာ္ခ်င္ ေၾကာင္း၊ သူ႔မိဘေတြဆီမွာ ခြင့္ေတာင္းရာမွာေတာ့ ဗုဒၶဘာသာ သုေတသနလုိ႔ အေၾကာင္းၿပ ခြင့္ေတာင္းရရွာတယ္။ မိဘေတြကလည္း ပညာေရးကိစၥၿဖစ္လုိ႔ ၾကည္ၾကည္ၿဖဴၿဖဴ ခြင့္ၿပဳလုိက္ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ဒါနဲ႔သူဟာ ၀ါသနာတူရာ အေဖာ္တစ္ေယာက္နဲ႔အတူ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီးရိွရာ ၿမန္မာၿပည္သို႔ ေရေၾကာင္းခရီးအားၿဖင့္ သေဘၤာစီးထြက္ခြာလာခဲ့ပါ ေတာ့တယ္။ သေဘၤာေပၚမွာ ဆံုဆည္းမိတဲ့ ၿမန္မာမိတ္ေဆြမ်ားကိုလည္း ဗုဒၶဘာသာအေၾကာင္း ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီးအေၾကာင္း</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ေမးၿမန္းစံုစမ္းလုိ႔သာ အခ်ိန္ကုန္ဆံုးရင္း လုိက္ပါလာခဲ့ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ကမ ၻာမွာ မရိွဘူး” “ အဂၤလန္မွၾလည္း မရိွဘူး” … သူဟာ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားပံုေတာ္ထုတ္ၾကည့္ၿပီး အဲဒီလုိ အာေမဍိတ္ အသံနဲ႔ ေၿပာ လုိက္တယ္ဆိုရင္ ၿမန္မာမိတ္ေဆြ ေတြက သေဘာက်ေနသေလာက္ အတူပါလာတဲ့ သူ႔မိတ္ေဆြ အဂၤလိပ္ၾကီးကေတာ့ ပုခံုးတြန္႔လိုက္မိပါေရာ တဲ့ ။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဒီလိုနဲ႔ သူတို႔သေဘၤာ ၿမန္မာ့ပင္လယ္ၿပင္ ဆိပ္ကမ္းနားသုိ႔ ကပ္မိတယ္ဆုိရင္ပဲ -“ဟိုမွာ.. ဘုရား..ဘုရား… ေရႊတိဂံု…ေရႊတိဂံု..” ၿမန္မာမိတ္ေဆြေတြက ညႊန္ၿပၾကတယ္။ သူ သေဘၤာေပၚက လွမ္းၾကည့္ လုိက္ေတာ့ ေရႊေတာင္ၾကီးေပါက္ေနသည့္ ပမာ ေရႊေရာင္၀င္း၀ါေနတဲ့ ေစတီေတာ္ၿမတ္ၾကီးကို လွမ္းၿမင္လိုက္တာနဲ႔ ရင္တလိႈက္လိႈက္ခုန္ၿပီး ၿမန္မာ မိတ္ေဆြေတြလုိပဲ သူ႔ရင္ညႊန္႔မွာ လက္အုပ္ကေလးခ်ီလ်က္သား..။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူ႔ ပါးၿပင္ေပၚမွာေတာ့ ဘယ္ကဘယ္လုိ က်လာမွန္းမသိတဲ့ မ်က္ရည္ စီးေၾကာင္း..၊ ဘ၀ေဟာင္းက ပံုရိပ္ေတြ တဖ်ပ္ဖ်ပ္ရုိက္ခတ္၊ ရုတ္တရတ္ ဟိုမွာဘက္က ဘ၀နဲ႔ သည္ဘ၀ ဆက္စပ္သြားသလုိ ရင္၌လိုက္ဖို ရိႈက္ငုိၿခင္းမရိွပဲ မ်က္ရည္ေတြက သြင္သြင္စီးက်..။ အနီးအပါးက ၿမန္မာမိတ္ေဆြေတြနဲ႔ သူ႔အေဖာ္ အဂၤလိပ္မိတ္ေဆြကေတာ့ နားမလည္ႏိုင္ေသာ အံ့ၾသၿခင္းမ်ားၿဖင့္ သူ႕ကိုၾကည့္လို႕..။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သေဘၤာကမ္းကပ္တာနဲ႔ သူဟာ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီးဆီ တန္းသြားလိုက္ခ်င္ေပမယ့္ ပါလာတဲ့ အေဖၚ၊ကို ငဲ့ညွာရ၊ ပစၥည္း ပစၥယေတြလည္း သယ္ရၿပဳရ ေသးတာေၾကာင့္ ထုိတစ္ညကို အၾကာၾကီးလို႔ သည္းခံလုိက္ရတယ္။ ေနာက္တစ္ေန႔ နံနက္ မုိးေသာက္ခ်ိန္ မွာေတာ့ သူဟာ အေဖၚႏွစ္ေယာက္နဲ႔အတူ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရား ရင္ၿပင္ေတာ္ေပၚ ေရာက္ေနခဲ့ပါၿပီ။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အေဖၚႏွစ္ေယာက္မွာ တစ္ေယာက္က သူ႔ သူငယ္ခ်င္း အဂၤလိပ္၊ ေနာက္တစ္ေယာက္က ၿမန္မာစကားၿပန္ပါ။ ၿမန္မာစကားေတြကို နားလည္သလုိလုိလည္း သူခံစားလုိက္ရၿပန္ပါတယ္။ ဒီေလာက္ေစာေစာစီးစီး ၀ီရိယၾကီးလုိက္ပါတဲ့ ၿမန္မာေတြ.. ဘုရားရင္ၿပင္အႏွံ႔ ကုသိုလ္အလုပ္ေတြ ၿဖန္႕က်က္ႏိုင္လြန္းတဲ့ ၿမန္မာေတြကိုၾကည့္ၿပီး သူ႔အမူအယာဟာ ထူးထူးၿခားၿခား ရႊင္လန္းလာပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီးကို အားမရႏိုင္ေသာ ဖူးေၿမာ္ၿခင္းနဲ႔ ဖူးေၿမာ္ၿပီး… “ ကမ ၻာမွာ မရိွဘူး ..ကမ ၻာ မွာ မရိွဘူး” လုိ႔ သူ႔ႏႈတ္က ၿမည္တမ္းေနပါေတာ့တယ္။ ဒီလိုနဲ႔ စေနေထာင့္ကို ေရာက္လာတဲ့အခါ သူ႔အၾကည့္ေတြ၊ သူ႕ေၿခလွမ္းေတြ တစ္ေနရာတည္းမွာ ရပ္တန္႔သြားတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ခမ္းနားဆန္းၿပားတဲ့ တန္ေဆာင္းၾကီးတစ္ခုဆီေရာက္တဲ့အခါေပ့ါ။ တန္ေဆာင္းအတြင္းမွာေတာ့ ဟိုဖက္ ရင္ၿပင္ေပၚမွာေလာက္ လူမမ်ားလွ၊ ပုတီးစိပ္သူ သံုးေယာက္၊ တရားထိုင္ေနသူ ေလးေယာက္ ခန္႔သာရိွေနပါတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူ တန္ေဆာင္းအတြင္း ၀င္မိခ်ိန္မွာေတာ့ ငါးေပေလာက္ၿမင့္တဲ့ ေၾကးဆင္းတုဘုရားရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီးကို ဖူးေတြ႔လုိက္ရတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဘုရားရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီးက ေရာင္ၿခည္ေတာ္ေတြ ၿပိဳးၿပက္လွ်ံထြက္ေနသလုိ သူၿမင္ေတြ႔ခံစားလိုက္ရတယ္။ ရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီးေရွ႕မွာေတာ့ ရဟန္းတစ္ပါးနဲ႔ လူဒကာတစ္ေယာက္၊ ဘုရားကိုယ္ေတာ္ၿမတ္ၾကီးကို ပန္းဆီမီးေရခ်မ္းေတြနဲ႔ ၾကည္ညိဳပူေဇာ္ေနတာ ေတြ႔လိုက္ရၿပန္တယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီးေရွ႕ တေရြ႕ေရြ႕နီးကပ္လာစဥ္မွာပဲ သူ႔ရင္ေတြ တလွပ္လွပ္ ဖုိလိႈက္လာတယ္။ သူဟာ အသက္ရွဴဖုိ႔ေတာင္ ေမ့ေနတဲ့အလား ဘုရားရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီးကို ေငးၾကည့္ ၾကည္ညိဳေနမိတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူ႔ ႏႈတ္ခမ္းေတြ တဆတ္ဆတ္တုန္လာၿပီး ရုတ္တရက္… “ ဘုရား..ဘုရား” လုိ႔ ေအာ္လိုက္မိပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဘယ္ကဘယ္လုိ ေပၚထြက္လာတဲ့အသံၾကီးပါလိမ့္..၊ သူ႔ကိုယ္သူေတာင္ မယံုႏိုင္ေတာ့ပါဘူး…။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဒီအဂၤလိပ္လူမ်ိဳးစစ္စစ္ၾကီး ပါးစပ္က ၿမန္မာလုိ “ဘုရား…ဘုရား”.. လုိ႔ ပီပီသသၾကီး ေအာ္လုိက္မိတာ ပုတီးစိပ္ေနသူ တစ္ေယာက္ပင္ မ်က္လံုးဖြင့္ၾကည့္၊ အို.. အားလံုးရဲ႕အၾကည့္ေတြက သူ႔ဆီမွာ၊ သူ ဒူးတုပ္ထုိင္ခ်လိုက္ၿပီး ဘုရားရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၿမတ္ၾကီးကို ရိွခိုးေနမိပါၿပီ..။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ ဗုဒၶံ သရဏံ ဂစ ၧာမိ .. ဓမၼံ သရဏံ ဂစ ၧာမိ .. သံဃံ သရဏံ ဂစ ၧာမိ..” ဘုရားေရွ႕မွာ ပန္းဆီမီးပူေဇာ္ေနတဲ့ ရဟန္းေတာ္ဆီက သရဏဂံုေဆာက္တည္သံ ေပၚထြက္လာတယ္..။ သူ လုိက္ဆိုေနမိတယ္..၊ ၿပီးေတာ့ နေမာတႆ..၊ တကယ့္ကို ပီပီသသၾကီး သူလုိက္ဆို ရိွခုိးေနမိတယ္.။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အတူပါလာတဲ့ အဂၤလိပ္မိတ္ေဆြ ေၿခမကိုင္မိ လက္မကိုင္မိ သူ႕ကိုေၾကာင္ၾကည့္ေနတယ္။ အားလံုးက သူ႔ကို တအံ့တဩ ၾကည့္ေနၾကပါတယ္။ သူဟာ ဘုရားရိွခုိးေနရာက မ်က္ႏွာေမာ့လာကာ ဘုရားရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီးကို တစိမ့္စိမ့္ၾကည့္ၿပီး အဂၤလိပ္ဘာသာနဲ႔ တစ္စံုတစ္ရာ ေအာ္ဟစ္ေၿပာဆိုလိုက္တယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ၿမန္မာစကားၿပန္မိတ္ေဆြက ..</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ အုိး..ေဂါ့ဒ္.. ဒီရုပ္ပြာေတာ္ၾကီးဟာ သူလွဴခဲ့တဲ့ဘုရားဆိုပါလား” လုိ႔ ေအာ္ၾကီးဟစ္က်ယ္ တအံ့တဩ ဘာသာၿပန္ေပးလိုက္တယ္။ အဂၤလိပ္မိတ္ေဆြ အေဖၚက “သူ ရူးသြားၿပီ” လုိ႔ ယူၾကံဳးမရ ေၿပာတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဟြန္းစႏိုးက.. “ ႏိုး..ႏိုး.. သူ မရူးဘူး” ဒီဘုရားကို သူ ၿမန္မာ လူမ်ိဳး ဘ၀က လွဴခဲ့တာၿဖစ္ေၾကာင္း တပ္အပ္ေသခ်ာ အခုိင္အမာ ေၿပာဆိုတယ္။ သူတို႔ ၿငင္းခံုသံေတြေၾကာင့္ ပုတီးစိပ္သူ၊ တရားထိုင္သူ တစ္ခ်ိဳ႔ ထသြားၾကတယ္။ သူတို႔ကို ေသေသခ်ာခ်ာ အကဲခတ္ေနသူေတြကေတာ့ ဘုရားေရွ႕မွာ ရပ္ေနတဲ့ ရဟန္းေတာ္နဲ႔ သူ႔ဒကာပါပဲ။ သူကိုယ္တုိင္လည္း ရဟန္းေတာ္နဲ႔ လူဒကာကို ေငးစိုက္ၾကည့္ေနရင္းက လူဒကာကို လက္ညိႈးထိုးၿပီး “ You are my son.. You are my son..” လုိ႔ ေၾကကြဲဆို႔နစ္စြာ ေအာ္ေၿပာလိုက္ၿပန္တယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">လူဒကာ ကလည္း သူ႔ကို ရီရီေ၀ေ၀ ေငးၾကည့္ရင္း မွင္တက္ေနေလတယ္။ သူဟာ.. “ မင္းဟာ ငါ့သား” ဆုိတဲ့စကားနဲ႔ အဂၤလိပ္လုိ ေအာ္ေၿပာၿပီး အားမလုိအားမရၿဖစ္လ်က္ လူဒကာရဲ႕လက္ကိုဆြဲ၊ ကိုယ္ကိုေပြ႔ဖက္ကာ ရိႈက္ၾကီးတငင္ ငိုခ်လိုက္ပါေတာ့တယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ၿပီးေတာ့ အဂၤလိပ္လုိ ဆက္ေၿပာေနပါတယ္။ ၿမန္မာစကားၿပန္ကေတာ့ ၾကိဳးစားၿပီး ဘာသာၿပန္ေပးေနပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ၿပီးခဲ့တဲ့ဘ၀က သူဟာ ၿမန္မာလူမ်ိဳး ဘုရားတရားအလြန္ၾကည္ညိဳတဲ့ ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ၾကီးတစ္ဦးၿဖစ္ခဲ့တယ္၊ ဘုရားၾကည္ညိဳလြန္းလုိ႔ သည္ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီးေပၚမွာပဲ အေနမ်ားခဲ့တယ္၊ သူဟာ ဘုရားေ၀ယ်ာ၀စၥေတြကိုလည္း လုပ္တယ္၊ လွဴလည္းလွဴတယ္၊ သူ႔အလွဴေတြ အမ်ားၾကီးထဲက ေဟာဒီ တန္ေဆာင္းၾကီးနဲ႕ ေဟာဒီ ရုပ္ပြားဆင္းတု ဘုရားၾကီးဟာ အထင္ကရၿဖစ္ပါတယ္ ..” တဲ့… ဘာသာၿပန္လုိ႔ မဆံုးေသးခင္မွာပဲ အေဖၚပါလာတဲ့ သူ႔အဂၤလိပ္မိတ္ေဆြက…</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“မယံုဘူး..မယံုဘူး.. မဟုတ္ဘူး…အရင္ဘ၀ေတြ ေနာက္ဘ၀ေတြဆိုတာ မရိွဘူး.. ဘာမွ အဓိပၸါယ္မရိွဘူး..” လို႔ အၿပင္းအထန္ ၿငင္းဆို ၿပီး… “သူ ရူးသြားၿပီး.. ဆရာ၀န္နဲ႔ ေဆးစစ္ရမယ္.. အဂၤလန္ကို ၿပန္ေခၚသြားရမယ္..” လုိ႔ ေလသံမာမာနဲ႔ ေၿပာပါေတာ့တယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ၿမန္မာစကားၿပန္ မိတ္ေဆြက… “ သည္းခံပါ လူၾကီးမင္း ခင္ဗ်ာ.. ကြ်န္ေတာ္တုိ႔ ဗုဒၶဘာသာမွာ တစ္ဘ၀ၿပီး တစ္ဘ၀ က်င္လည္ရတဲ့ သံသရာဆိုတာရိွပါတယ္၊ ၿပီးေတာ့ လူ႔ဘ၀ကေန ေသလြန္ၿပီး တဖန္ လူၿပန္ၿဖစ္တဲ့ လူ၀င္စားဆုိတာလည္း ရိွပါတယ္၊ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အတိတ္ဘ၀ေတြကို ၿပန္မွတ္မိတဲ့ ဇာတိႆရဥာဏ္ ဆိုတာရိွပါတယ္။ မိတ္ေဆြရဲ႕ သူငယ္ခ်င္း မစၥတာ ဟြန္းစႏိုးဟာ ၿပီးခဲ့တဲ့ ဘ၀ေဟာင္းက အေၾကာင္းအရာေတြ ကို ၿပန္မွတ္မိသြားၿပီး ဒီလုိၿဖစ္သြားတာၿဖစ္တယ္လုိ႔ ကြ်န္ေတာ္ယူဆမိတယ္..” လုိ႔ ၾကား၀င္ ရွင္းၿပလိုက္ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ဒီမွာပဲ အဂၤလိပ္လူ၀င္စား မစၥတာဟြန္းက “ ဟုတ္တယ္..ဟုတ္တယ္” နဲ႔ ကသုတ္ကယက္ ၀န္ခံေၿပာဆိုၿပီး သူ႕ကိုေငးၾကည့္ေနတဲ့ လူဒကာကို အတင္း လက္ဆြဲ ေပြ႔ဖက္ ၿပီး ဟီးခနဲ ငိုခ် လုိက္ၿပန္တယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ဒါ..ငါ့သား..သူဟာ ငါ့သား” လုိ႔ ေအာ္ေၿပာလုိက္တာနဲ႔ အားလံုးထိတ္လန္႔ တုန္လႈပ္ကုန္တယ္.။ အင္မတန္ ဣေၿႏၵေကာင္းလွတဲ့ ရဟန္းေတာ္လည္း ဟာခနဲ ၿဖစ္သြားတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“အဓိပၸါယ္မရိွဘူး..မင္းကလူပ်ိဳပဲ..မင္းရူးေနၿပီ”လုိ႔အေဖၚမိတ္ေဆြအဂၤလိပ္က ေငါက္ေငါက္ငမ္းငမ္း</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ေၿပာဆိုလုိက္ၿပန္တယ္။ အေၿခအေနက ေတာ္ေတာ္ရႈပ္ေထြး သြားပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> မစၥတာဟြန္းစႏိုးက ..</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ဒါ ငါ့သား၊ ၿပီးခဲ့တဲ့ဘ၀ ငါရဲ႕ၿမန္မာလူမ်ိဳးဘ၀က က်န္ရစ္ခဲ့တဲ့ တစ္ဦးတည္းေသာသား၊ ၾကည့္စမ္း ..</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူ လူၾကီးၿဖစ္ေနၿပီ”လုိ႔ရွင္းၿပရင္း၊ၿမန္မာဒကာ(သူ႔သားဆုိသူ)ဘက္လွည့္ၾကည့္ကာ“မင္းအေမရိွေသးလား..</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ေသၿပီထင္ပါတယ္” လုိ႔ ေမးလုိက္ၿပန္တယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ၿမန္မာဒကာ ခမ်ာ ရုတ္တရက္ၿပန္မေၿဖႏိုင္ဘူး ..ဟြန္းစႏိုးကိုၾကည့္ၿပီး မခ်ိတင္ကဲ မ်က္ရည္ေတြ၀ဲေနတယ္။ အေဖၚအဂၤလိပ္ကေတာ့ “အဓိပၸါယ္မရိွဘူး..လံုး၀အဓိပၸါယ္မရိွဘူး..မယံုဘူး”လုိ႔ပဲအပ္ေၾကာင္းထပ္ေအာင္ ေအာ္ဟစ္ရင္းနဲ႔ေၿပာတယ္.. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“သူငယ္ခ်င္း.. ဒီအရူး အမႈၾကီး အဆံုးသတ္ပါေတာ့..၊ ငါတုိ႔ၿပန္ၾကပါစို႔” လုိ႔ ေလသံမွန္နဲ႔ေၿပာရင္းနဲ႔ ဟြန္းစႏိုးကို ဆြဲေခၚတယ္၊ ဟြန္းစႏိုးက ရုတ္တရက္ ရုန္းလိုက္ၿပီး.. “ငါေတာင္းပန္ပါတယ္..၊ ငါရွင္းၿပပါရေစ..၊ မင္း မယံုရင္ ငါလက္ေတြ႔ၿပမယ္၊ သက္ေသခိုင္လံုရင္ ငါေၿပာတာေတြ မင္း လက္ခံရလိမ့္မယ္” လုိ႔ ကတိေတာင္းတယ္.။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူငယ္ခ်င္း အဂၤလိပ္က သူ႔ရဲ႕စိန္ေခၚမႈကို သေဘာတူလိုက္ၿပီး “ေကာင္းၿပီ.. မင္း ဘယ္လုိသက္ေသၿပမွာလဲ” လုိ႔ ေမးတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">မစၥတာဟြန္းဟာ ဘုရားရုပ္ပြာေတာ္ၾကီးကို ရိွခိုးဦးခ်တယ္.။ ၿပီးေတာ့ ရဟန္းေတာ္ကို တစ္လွည့္ရိွခုိးတယ္။ ရဟန္းေတာ္နဲ႔အတူေတြ႔ရ တဲ့ လူဒကာ ( ဘ၀ေဟာင္းက သားၿဖစ္သူ ) ကို မ်က္ရည္စမ္းစမ္းနဲ႔ၾကည့္ရင္း.. “ ေက်းဇူးၿပဳၿပီး အကၤ်ီခြ်တ္လုိက္ပါ.. မင္းရဲ႕ ညာဘက္ လက္ေမာင္းထိပ္မွာ ေဒါင္းပံုနဲ႔ ေနတံဆိပ္၊ မင္းရဲ႕ဘယ္ဘက္ လက္ေမာင္းထိပ္မွာ ယုန္ပံုနဲ႔လတံဆိပ္ေတြ ေဆးမင္ေၾကာင္ေရးထိုးထားတာ ရိွတယ္..၊ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဗုဒၶသာသနာေတာ္ၾကီး ေနလုိလလုိ ထြန္းလင္းေအာင္စြမ္းေဆာင္ေစခ်င္တဲ့သားေကာင္းရတနာၿဖစ္ေစခ်င္လုိ႔ အရင္ဘ၀က ငါကိုယ္တုိင္ ေရးထုိးခုိင္းခဲ့တယ္..၊ ၿပီးေတာ့ မင္းရဲ႕ ရင္ညႊန္႔မွာ မွဲ႔အနီကေလး သံုးလံုးၾတိဂံပံု ပါရိွတယ္..” လုိ႔ ပိုင္ပိုင္ႏိုင္ႏိုင္ ေၿပာခ်လုိက္ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE3jJhtw2l-69bCHtBT4z8wSmbzffyQE14CxW6mmfHiuPLyVaDNdeVTqDMBbIYDgOHXpm2irleUhM4nN2Oj0hc6qtA_4YUWUS3TpEXgBVaBsLAYk3QbS8mNSqFbDdq_fhYH64fjSGjkcE/s1600/DSC02905-7.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE3jJhtw2l-69bCHtBT4z8wSmbzffyQE14CxW6mmfHiuPLyVaDNdeVTqDMBbIYDgOHXpm2irleUhM4nN2Oj0hc6qtA_4YUWUS3TpEXgBVaBsLAYk3QbS8mNSqFbDdq_fhYH64fjSGjkcE/s320/DSC02905-7.JPG" width="240" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">မစၥတာဟြန္းစႏိုး ခုိင္းေစတဲ့အတိုင္း ၿမန္မာဒကာဟာ အကၤ်ီခြ်တ္လုိက္တယ္ဆိုရင္ပဲ သူေၿပာတဲ့ အမွတ္အသားေတြ တစ္ခုမလြဲ ေပၚလာတာကို အားလံုးေတြ႔လုိက္ ၾကရပါေတာ့တယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သံသယနဲ႔ ဘာသာေရးအစြဲၾကီးလွတဲ့ မိတ္ေဆြအဂၤလိပ္တစ္ေယာက္ “ အုိး မိုင္ေဂါ့ဒ္.. အုိး..မုိင္ေဂါ့ဒ္” နဲ႔… အဖန္ဖန္ေရရြတ္ရင္းနဲ႔ ..ဟြန္းစႏိုးလက္ေမာင္းကုိ ကိုင္လႈပ္ကာ “ဘယ္လုိထူးဆန္းမႈေတြလဲ.. မင္း ဘယ္လုိသိ တာလဲ..မင္းဘယ္လုိလုပ္ ေၿပာင္းသြားတာလဲ” လုိ႔ ဒလစပ္ေမးခြန္းေတြထုတ္ေတာ့တယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ရဟန္းေတာ္အပါအ၀င္ အားလံုးဟာ ပါးစပ္ အေဟာင္းသား ၊ မ်က္လံုးအ၀ိုင္းသားနဲ႔ ဟြန္းစႏိုးကိုပဲ စိုက္ၾကည့္ေနၾကတယ္။ ဘ၀ေဟာင္းက သားၿဖစ္တယ္လုိ႔ အေၿပာခံရတဲ့ ၿမန္မာဒကာမွာေတာ့ ဘ၀ေဟာင္းက သူ႕အေဖၿဖစ္ခဲ့တဲ့ အဂၤလိပ္လူမ်ိဳး မစၥတာဟြန္းစႏိုးကို ၾကည့္ၿပီး မ်က္ရည္မ်ား စီးက်စၿပဳေနပါၿပီ။ ဟြန္းစႏိုးက ဆက္ၿပီးေၿပာပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“အေရးၾကီးတဲ့ သက္ေသတစ္ခုက်န္ေသးတယ္.ေဟာဒီဘုရားရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီးရဲ႕ပလႅင္ေအာက္ေၿခမွာ က်ဳပ္ကိုယ္တုိင္ ဌာပနာခဲ့တဲ့ ပစၥည္းေလးႏွစ္ခုရိွပါတယ္။ အဲဒီပစၥည္းႏွစ္ခုကေတာ့ အေလးခ်ိန္ တစ္ဆယ္က်ပ္သားစီရိွတဲ့ ေရႊဒဂၤါးနဲ႔ေငြဒဂၤါးႏွစ္ၿပားပါ ။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ေရႊဒဂၤါးေပၚ မွာ ေဒါင္းရုပ္ေနတံဆိပ္ နဲ႔ ေငြဒဂၤါးေပၚမွာ ယုန္ရုပ္လတံဆိပ္တုိ႔ ခတ္ႏွိပ္ ထားပါတယ္၊ ငါတုိ႔မိသားစု ( ကုသိုလ္ရွင္မိသားစု) ရဲ႕နာမည္ေတြကို ဒဂၤါးၿပားရဲ႕ဟိုဖက္မ်က္ႏွာမွာ ေရးထားပါတယ္၊ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဒီသက္ေသၿပခ်က္အေပၚမွာ မင္း အၾကြင္းမရိွ ယံုၾကည္မယ္လုိ ထင္ပါတယ္” ဟု သူ႔မိတ္ေဆြ အဂၤလိပ္ကို ဦးတည္ေၿပာရင္း ရွင္းၿပေနပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">တစ္ခ်ိန္လံုး ၿငိမ္သက္ေနတဲ့ ရဟန္းေတာ္က… “ ဒီကိစၥကေတာ့ ေဂါပကအဖြဲ႔ကို အက်ိဳးအေၾကာင္းေၿပာၿပၿပီး ပလႅင္ကို ဖြင့္ၾကည့္ ရမယ္၊ ဒီကိစၥ ဦးဇင္းပဲ တာ၀န္ယူ ပါတယ္၊ ကဲ ဒီမွာ ခဏေနရစ္ၾက.”လုိ႔ အမိန္႔ရိွၿပီး တန္ေဆာင္းထဲက ထြက္သြားပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ဟြန္းစႏိုးရဲ႕ သူငယ္ခ်င္းမိတ္ေဆြ အဂၤလိပ္ကေတာ့ အခုမွ အသက္၀င္လာသည့္ အလား ဓာတ္ပံုေတြ တဖ်ပ္ဖ်ပ္ ရိုက္ပါေတာ့တယ္။ သူ႔ သူငယ္ခ်င္း ဟြန္းစႏိုး၊ ၿမန္မာဒကာ၊ ဘုရားရုပ္ပြားေတာ္ၾကီး၊ တန္ေဆာင္းၾကီးနဲ႔ ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီး စတဲ့ မ်က္စိတဲ့ေတြ႕သမွ် ၿမင္ကြင္းေတြကို အငမ္းမရ ရိုက္ယူ မွတ္တမ္းတင္ပါေတာ့တယ္။ ဒီတစ္ခါ သူ႔ႏႈတ္ဖ်ားမွာ “ အံ့ဖြယ္ပဲ..တကယ့္ အံ့ဖြယ္ပါပဲ” ဆိုတဲ့စကားေတြပဲ ေရရြတ္ေနပါေတာ့တယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဟြန္းစႏိုးက.. “ငါ အဂၤလန္ မၿပန္ေတာ့ဘူး.. ငါ ၿမန္မာၿပည္မွာပဲ ေနေတာ့မယ္ ၿဖစ္ေၾကာင္းကုန္စင္ေၿပာၿပလုိက္ပါ၊ ငါ့ကို ခြင့္လႊတ္ပါ သူငယ္ခ်င္း” လုိ႔ ေဆြးေဆြး ေၿမ့ေၿမ့ ေၿပာလုိက္တယ္။ သူ႕ သူငယ္ခ်င္းက.. “ ငါ နားလည္ပါၿပီ.. ဒါေပမယ့္ စဥ္းစားပါဦး” လုိ႔ ေတာင္းပန္ ပါတယ္ ။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အဲဒီအခ်ိန္မွာပဲ ရဟန္းေတာ္ဟာ အၿခားးေသာ ရဟန္းေတာ္ သံုးပါး၊ ေဂါပကလူဒကာမ်ားနဲ႔အတူ ၿပန္ေရာက္လာတယ္။ ဟြန္းစႏိုးညႊန္ၿပတဲ့ ပလႅင္ေအာက္ေၿခဘက္ ကို တူရြင္းနဲ႔တူးၿပီး ဖြင့္ၾကည့္ၾကတဲ့အခါ လက္ရာေသသပ္တဲ့ သံေသတၱာေလးတစ္လံုး ေပၚထြက္လာပါတယ္၊</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> ေသတၱာထဲမွာေတာ့ လက္တစ္၀ါးနီးပါးရိွတဲ့ ေရႊဒဂၤါးနဲ႔ေငြဒဂၤါး၀ိုင္းၾကီး ႏွစ္ခုကို အေရာင္ၿပိဳးၿပက္ စြာ ေတြ႔ၾကရပါတယ္။ ေရႊဒဂၤါးၿပားေပၚမွာ ေဒါင္းတံဆိပ္နဲ႔ ေငြဒဂၤါးၿပားေပၚမွာ ယုန္တံဆိပ္ပါရိွၿပီး ဒဂၤါးၿပားရဲ႕အၿခား မ်က္ႏွာမွာ ‘သကၠရာဇ္ ၁၂၇၅ ခုႏွစ္၊ တေပါင္းလၿပည့္ေန႔ ကုသိုလ္ရွင္ ဦးဘေကာင္း - ဇနီးေဒၚၿမညႊန္႔၊ သားေမာင္ေကာင္းညႊန္႔ မိသားစု ေကာင္းမႈ၊ ေတာင္းဆုနိဗၺာန္ ၿပည့္ေစေသာ္၀္ ၊ ဤဘုရားဤတန္ေဆာင္းၿပိဳပ်က္လွ်င္ ဤေရႊဒဂၤါး ေငြဒဂၤါးမ်ားကိုေရာင္း၍ ၿပဳၿပင္ႏိုင္ၾကပါေစ’ ဟု ေရးထုိးထားေသာ စာတန္းကို ဖတ္ၾကရေလသည္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဟြန္းစႏိုးကိုယ္တုိင္ မိမိေကာင္းမႈသက္ေသကို ၿပန္ေတြ႔ၿပီၿဖစ္၍ ဟန္မေဆာင္ႏိုင္ေတာ့ဘဲ သည္းထန္းစြာ ငိုေလေတာ့သည္။ ဘ၀ေဟာင္း က သားၿဖစ္ခဲ့သူ ၿမန္မာဒကာ ကုိေကာင္းညႊန္႔လည္း ငိုသည္။ ဘ၀ၿခား လူမ်ိဳးၿခားၿဖစ္ေနၾကေသာ သားအဖႏွစ္ေယာက္ဖက္၍ ငိုၾကသည္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> အဂၤလိပ္မိတ္ေဆြက ဓာတ္ပံုရိုက္ေနပါေသာ္လည္း သူကိုယ္တိုင္ အံ့ၾသၿခင္းတ၀က္ၿဖင့္ မ်က္ရည္လည္လ်က္ရိွေန၏။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ရဟန္းေတာ္က.. “ဒကာၾကီး ကိုေကာင္းညႊန္႔.. ဒီ ဒဂၤါးၿပားေတြကို ဘယ္လုိလုပ္ခ်င္သလဲ၊ သူ႕ကုိေမးပါ” လုိ႔ မိန္႔ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ေရႊတိဂံုဘုရားၾကီးကို လွဴပါတယ္၊ ေဂါပကအဖြဲ႔ကို အပ္ပါတယ္” ဟု ဟြန္းစႏိုးက ေၿဖတယ္.။ ၿပီးေတာ့ ရဟန္းေတာ္ရဲ႕သကၤန္းစကို ဆြဲၿပီး တစံုတခုေၿပာ လိုက္တယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူ အဂၤလိပ္လုိေၿပာတာကို ၿမန္မာစကားၿပန္က.. “ သူ႕ ကို ရဟန္းၿပဳေပးပါ၊ ေနာင္သံသရာမွာ ဘယ္လုိဘ၀မ်ိဳးမွ မလိုခ်င္ေတာ့ပါဘူး.. ဘ၀ဒုကၡခ်ဳပ္ၿငိမ္းရာ နိဗၺာန္အလုိ႔ငွာ ရဟန္း ဘ၀နဲ႔က်င့္ၾကံပါေတာ့မယ္” လုိ႔ ဆုိပါတယ္..။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူ႕သူငယ္ခ်င္းကိုလည္း..</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“ငါ့ မိဘေတြကို အေၾကာင္းၾကားေပးပါ၊ ၿမန္မာၿပည္ကို အၿမန္လုိက္လာဖုိ႔ ေၿပာေပးပါ၊ ငါ ရဟန္း၀တ္ေတာ့မယ္၊ တပ္မက္စရာ အာရံုအစြဲ အၿငိေတြက လြတ္ရာမွာ ငါေနေတာ့မယ္၊ ငါၾကိဳးစားေတာ့မယ္” လုိ႔ ေၿပာဆိုမွာၾကားပါတယ္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူငယ္ခ်င္းမိတ္ေဆြ အဂၤလိပ္မွာေတာ့ အရာအားလံုး မ်က္၀ါးထင္ထင္ ကိုယ္ေတြ႕ ၾကံဳလုိက္ရၿပီးၿပီမုိ႔ ေခါင္းညိတ္ရံုကလြဲၿပီး ဘာမွမေၿပာႏိုင္ေတာ့ပါ။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဆက္ၿပီး ဟြန္းစႏိုးက “ငါ ဘုရားမွာ ေနခဲ့ေတာ့မယ္ သူငယ္ခ်င္း၊ မင္း ေလွ်ာက္လည္ႏိုင္တယ္” လုိ႔ ေၿပာလုိက္ပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အားလံုးထြက္သြားၾကခ်ိန္မွာေတာ့ သူ႔အနားမွာ တစ္ေယာက္သာ က်န္ခဲ့ေတာ့တယ္၊ ဘ၀ေဟာင္းက သူ႔သားၿဖစ္ခဲ့ဖူးတဲ့ ကုိေကာင္းညႊန္႔ဆိုတဲ့ ၿမန္မာဒကာပါပဲ။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အဂၤလိပ္လူ၀င္စား မစၥတာဟြန္းစႏိုးဟာ အရွင္အဂၢဥာဏ ဆိုတဲ့ ဘြဲ႔ေတာ္နဲ႔ ရဟန္းၿပဳေတာ္မူခဲ့ၿပီး မဟာသတိပ႒ာန္ တရားေတာ္ၿမတ္ၾကီးကို အသက္ထက္ဆံုး အားထုတ္သြားပါတယ္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: red; text-align: justify;"><b>ေရႊတိဂံုမွာ ၿပန္ဆံုတဲ့ပြဲ - ေမာင္ေသြးခြ်န္</b></div><div style="color: red; text-align: justify;"><b>ကိုးကား - </b></div><div style="color: red; text-align: justify;"><b>၁၃၂၂ခု၊သီတင္းကြ်တ္လထုတ္၊ ေရဦးၿမိဳ႕ခ်မ္းသာၾကီးဆရာေတာ္ၿပဳစုေသာဗုဒၶဂုဏပကာသနီက်မ္း</b></div><div style="color: red; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: blue;">မွတ္ခ်က္= ကမၻာသစ္မွကူူးယူေဖာ္ျပသည္။</span> </b></div></div>ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-72259743703276525132011-12-27T14:08:00.000+06:302011-12-27T14:08:30.912+06:30The Power of the Powerless<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRCi1n-X9toAi-Mom1nXtHLfppWlm0Ct9_yQ9AYH6PPIJd9Q3le1TAKt4bMXXxzv3_7IaUDOEzmXzKdnj1-TGeHCJECLdTxNoTeFA3sXAKltLNT_cvzDfV0knoOI1CCa-bas-0t-HLfJU/s1600/Vaclav+havel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left:1em; margin-right:1em"><img border="0" height="200" width="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRCi1n-X9toAi-Mom1nXtHLfppWlm0Ct9_yQ9AYH6PPIJd9Q3le1TAKt4bMXXxzv3_7IaUDOEzmXzKdnj1-TGeHCJECLdTxNoTeFA3sXAKltLNT_cvzDfV0knoOI1CCa-bas-0t-HLfJU/s200/Vaclav+havel.jpg" /></a></div><br />
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: center;">Vaclav Havel</div><div style="color: red; text-align: center;"><b>"The Power of the Powerless"</b></div><div style="text-align: center;">(1978)</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;">Excerpts from the Original Electronic Text provided by Bob Moeller, of the University of California, Irvine. </div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">{1}A SPECTER is haunting Eastern Europe: the specter of what in the West is called "dissent" This specter has not appeared out of thin air. It is a natural and inevitable consequence of the present historical phase of the system it is haunting. It was born at a time when this system, for a thousand reasons, can no longer base itself on the unadulterated, brutal, and arbitrary application of power, eliminating all expressions of nonconformity. What is more, the system has become so ossified politically that there is practically no way for such nonconformity to be implemented within its official structures. . . .</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{2}Our system is most frequently characterized as a dictatorship or, more precisely, as the dictatorship of a political bureaucracy over a society which has undergone economic and social leveling. I am afraid that the term "dictatorship," regardless of how intelligible it may otherwise be, tends to obscure rather than clarify the real nature of power in this system. . . Even though our dictatorship has long since alienated itself completely from the social movements that give birth to it, the authenticity of these movements (and I am thinking of the proletarian and socialist movements of the nineteenth century) gives it undeniable historicity. These origins provided a solid foundation of sorts on which it could build until it became the utterly new social and political reality it is today, which has become so inextricably a part of the structure of the modern world. . . . It commands an incomparably more precise, logically structured, generally comprehensible and, in essence, extremely flexible ideology that, in its elaborateness and completeness, is almost a secularized religion. It offers a ready answer to any question whatsoever; it can scarcely be accepted only in part, and accepting it has profound implications for human life. In an era when metaphysical and existential certainties are in a state of crisis, when people are being uprooted and alienated and are losing their sense of what this world means, this ideology inevitably has a certain hypnotic charm. . . .</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{3}The profound difference between our system-in terms of the nature of power-and what we traditionally understand by dictatorship, a difference I hope is clear even from this quite superficial comparison, has caused me to search for some term appropriate for our system, purely for the purposes of this essay. If I refer to it henceforth as a "post-totalitarian" system, I am fully aware that this is perhaps not the most precise term, but I am unable to think of a better one. I do not wish to imply by the prefix "post" that the system is no longer totalitarian; on the contrary, I mean that it is totalitarian in a way fundamentally different from classical dictatorships, different from totalitarianism as we usually understand it.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">. . . .</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{4}The manager of a fruit-and-vegetable shop places in his window, among the onions and carrots, the slogan: "Workers of the world, unite!" Why does he do it? What is he trying to communicate to the world? Is he genuinely enthusiastic about the idea of unity among the workers of the world? Is his enthusiasm so great that he feels an irrepressible impulse to acquaint the public with his ideals? Has he really given more than a moment's thought to how such a unification might occur and what it would mean?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{5}I think it can safely be assumed that the overwhelming majority of shopkeepers never think about the slogans they put in their windows, nor do they use them to express their real opinions. That poster was delivered to our greengrocer from the enterprise headquarters along with the onions and carrots. He put them all into the window simply because it has been done that way for years, because everyone does it, and because that is the way it has to be. If he were to refuse, there could be trouble. He could be reproached for not having the proper decoration in his window; someone might even accuse him of disloyalty. He does it because these things must be done if one is to get along in life. It is one of the thousands of details that guarantee him a relatively tranquil life "in harmony with society," as they say.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{6}Obviously the greengrocer . . . does not put the slogan in his window from any personal desire to acquaint the public with the ideal it expresses. This, of course, does not mean that his action has no motive or significance at all, or that the slogan communicates nothing to anyone. The slogan is really a sign, and as such it contains a subliminal but very definite message. Verbally, it might be expressed this way: "I, the greengrocer XY, live here and I know what I must do. I behave in the manner expected of me. I can be depended upon and am beyond reproach. I am obedient and therefore I have the right to be left in peace." This message, of course, has an addressee: it is directed above, to the greengrocer's superior, and at the same time it is a shield that protects the greengrocer from potential informers. The slogan's real meaning, therefore, is rooted firmly in the greengrocer's existence. It reflects his vital interests. But what are those vital interests?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{7}Let us take note: if the greengrocer had been instructed to display the slogan "I am afraid and therefore unquestioningly obedient;' he would not be nearly as indifferent to its semantics, even though the statement would reflect the truth. The greengrocer would be embarrassed and ashamed to put such an unequivocal statement of his own degradation in the shop window, and quite naturally so, for he is a human being and thus has a sense of his own dignity. To overcome this complication, his expression of loyalty must take the form of a sign which, at least on its textual surface, indicates a level of disinterested conviction. It must allow the greengrocer to say, "What's wrong with the workers of the world uniting?" Thus the sign helps the greengrocer to conceal from himself the low foundations of his obedience, at the same time concealing the low foundations of power. It hides them behind the facade of something high. And that something is ideology.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{8}Ideology is a specious way of relating to the world. It offers human beings the illusion of an identity, of dignity, and of morality while making it easier for them to part with them. As the repository of something suprapersonal and objective, it enables people to deceive their conscience and conceal their true position and their inglorious modus vivendi, both from the world and from themselves. It is a very pragmatic but, at the same time, an apparently dignified way of legitimizing what is above, below, and on either side. It is directed toward people and toward God. It is a veil behind which human beings can hide their own fallen existence, their trivialization, and their adaptation to the status quo. It is an excuse that everyone can use, from the greengrocer, who conceals his fear of losing his job behind an alleged interest in the unification of the workers of the world, to the highest functionary, whose interest in staying in power can be cloaked in phrases about service to the working class. The primary excusatory function of ideology, therefore, is to provide people, both as victims and pillars of the post-totalitarian system, with the illusion that the system is in harmony with the human order and the order of the universe. . . .</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{9}The post-totalitarian system touches people at every step, but it does so with its ideological gloves on. This is why life in the system is so thoroughly permeated with hypocrisy and lies: government by bureaucracy is called popular government; the working class is enslaved in the name of the working class; the complete degradation of the individual is presented as his ultimate liberation; depriving people of information is called making it available; the use of power to manipulate is called the public control of power, and the arbitrary abuse of power is called observing the legal code; the repression of culture is called its development; the expansion of imperial influence is presented as support for the oppressed; the lack of free expression becomes the highest form of freedom; farcical elections become the highest form of democracy; banning independent thought becomes the most scientific of world views; military occupation becomes fraternal assistance. Because the regime is captive to its own lies, it must falsify everything. It falsifies the past. It falsifies the present, and it falsifies the future. It falsifies statistics. It pretends not to possess an omnipotent and unprincipled police apparatus. It pretends to respect human rights. It pretends to persecute no one. It pretends to fear nothing. It pretends to pretend nothing.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{10}Individuals need not believe all these mystifications, but they must behave as though they did, or they must at least tolerate them in silence, or get along well with those who work with them. For this reason, however, they must live within a lie. They need not accept the lie. It is enough for them to have accepted their life with it and in it. For by this very fact, individuals confirm the system, fulfill the system, make the system, are the system.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">. . . .</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{11}Why in fact did our greengrocer have to put his loyalty on display in the shop window? Had he not already displayed it sufficiently in various internal or semipublic ways? At trade union meetings, after all, he had always voted as he should. He had always taken part in various competitions. He voted in elections like a good citizen. He had even signed the "antiCharter." Why, on top of all that, should he have to declare his loyalty publicly? After all, the people who walk past his window will certainly not stop to read that, in the greengrocer's opinion, the workers of the world ought to unite. The fact of the matter is, they don't read the slogan at all, and it can be fairly assumed they don't even see it. If you were to ask a woman who had stopped in front of his shop what she saw in the window, she could certainly tell whether or not they had tomatoes today, but it is highly unlikely that she noticed the slogan at all, let alone what it said.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{12}It seems senseless to require the greengrocer to declare his loyalty publicly. But it makes sense nevertheless. People ignore his slogan, but they do so because such slogans are also found in other shop windows, on lampposts, bulletin boards, in apartment windows, and on buildings; they are everywhere, in fact. They form part of the panorama of everyday life. Of course, while they ignore the details, people are very aware of that panorama as a whole. And what else is the greengrocer's slogan but a small component in that huge backdrop to daily life?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{13}The greengrocer had to put the slogan in his window, therefore, not in the hope that someone might read it or be persuaded by it, but to contribute, along with thousands of other slogans, to the panorama that everyone is very much aware of. This panorama, of course, has a subliminal meaning as well: it reminds people where they are living and what is expected of them. It tells them what everyone else is doing, and indicates to them what they must do as well, if they don't want to be excluded, to fall into isolation, alienate themselves from society, break the rules of the game, and risk the loss of their peace and tranquility and security. . . .</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{14}Let us now imagine that one day something in our greengrocer snaps and he stops putting up the slogans merely to ingratiate himself. He stops voting in elections he knows are a farce. He begins to say what he really thinks at political meetings. And he even finds the strength in himself to express solidarity with those whom his conscience commands him to support. In this revolt the greengrocer steps out of living within the lie. He rejects the ritual and breaks the rules of the game. He discovers once more his suppressed identity and dignity. He gives his freedom a concrete significance. His revolt is an attempt to live within the truth. . . .</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{15}The bill is not long in coming. He will be relieved of his post as manager of the shop and transferred to the warehouse. His pay will be reduced. His hopes for a holiday in Bulgaria will evaporate. His children's access to higher education will be threatened. His superiors will harass him and his fellow workers will wonder about him. Most of those who apply these sanctions, however, will not do so from any authentic inner conviction but simply under pressure from conditions, the same conditions that once pressured the greengrocer to display the official slogans. They will persecute the greengrocer either because it is expected of them, or to demonstrate their loyalty, or simply as part of the general panorama, to which belongs an awareness that this is how situations of this sort are dealt with, that this, in fact, is how things are always done, particularly if one is not to become suspect oneself. The executors, therefore, behave essentially like everyone else, to a greater or lesser degree: as components of the post-totalitarian system, as agents of its automatism, as petty instruments of the social auto-totality.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{16}Thus the power structure, through the agency of those who carry out the sanctions, those anonymous components of the system, will spew the greengrocer from its mouth. The system, through its alienating presence in people, will punish him for his rebellion. It must do so because the logic of its automatism and self-defense dictate it. The greengrocer has not committed a simple, individual offense, isolated in its own uniqueness, but something incomparably more serious. By breaking the rules of the game, he has disrupted the game as such. He has exposed it as a mere game. He has shattered the world of appearances, the fundamental pillar of the system. He has upset the power structure by tearing apart what holds it together. He has demonstrated that living a lie is living a lie. He has broken through the exalted facade of the system and exposed the real, base foundations of power. He has said that the emperor is naked. And because the emperor is in fact naked, something extremely dangerous has happened: by his action, the greengrocer has addressed the world. He has enabled everyone to peer behind the curtain. He has shown everyone that it is possible to live within the truth. Living within the lie can constitute the system only if it is universal. The principle must embrace and permeate everything. There are no terms whatsoever on which it can co-exist with living within the truth, and therefore everyone who steps out of line denies it in principle and threatens it in its entirety. . . .</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">{17}The original and most important sphere of activity, one that predetermines all the others, is simply an attempt to create and support the independent life of society as an articulated expression of living within the truth. In other words, serving truth consistently, purposefully, and articulately, and organizing this service. This is only natural, after all: if living within the truth is an elementary starting point for every attempt made by people to oppose the alienating pressure of the system, if it is the only meaningful basis of any independent act of political import, and if, ultimately, it is also the most intrinsic existential source of the "dissident" attitude, then it is difficult to imagine that even manifest "dissent" could have any other basis than the service of truth, the truthful life, and the attempt to make room for the genuine aims of life. </div></div>ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-25520787326592867032011-11-03T15:16:00.001+06:302011-11-03T15:19:58.603+06:30မင္းကြန္းဆရာေတာ္ဘုရားႀကီး ရာျပည္႔ပြဲေတာ္ အမွတ္တရ ပူေဇာ္ပါ၏။ (၁၊၁၁၊၁၉၁၁) - (၁၊၁၁၊၂၀၁၁)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7aRvlXWqp4Qey09mXENjdA78lP7RiZsZ_3xTPQyj0ohnSi0TJxOBG3KAQ1PjQjL8T0gKlW8_38VNBG0tSKs3fxFec5aFjCZ3UiTGeZQ2flGERUVaYNn_Wh4HxiFw1dkjvLUrg672apg0/s1600/Minnkwann.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left:1em; margin-right:1em"><img border="0" height="320" width="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7aRvlXWqp4Qey09mXENjdA78lP7RiZsZ_3xTPQyj0ohnSi0TJxOBG3KAQ1PjQjL8T0gKlW8_38VNBG0tSKs3fxFec5aFjCZ3UiTGeZQ2flGERUVaYNn_Wh4HxiFw1dkjvLUrg672apg0/s320/Minnkwann.jpg" /></a></div><br />
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>ဂင္းနစ္ ကမာၻ႔စံခ်ိန္မွတ္တမ္းၿဖစ္ေပၚလာပုံ ႏွင္႔ မွတ္တမ္းတင္ခံရသူ ၿမန္မာႏုိင္ငံသား မင္းကြန္း တိပိဋက ဆရာေတာ္ ဘုရားႀကီး အေႀကာင္း...</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဂင္းနစ္ကမာၻ႔စံခ်ိန္မွတ္တမ္းစာအုပ္ကုိ အဂၤလိပ္ဘာသာျဖင္႔ Guinness Book of World Records ဟု ေခၚဆုိပါသည္။ ၎ကုိ ၁၉၅၅-ခုႏွစ္မွ စ၍ ႏွစ္စဥ္ထုတ္ေ၀ခဲ႔ၿပီး ႏုိင္ငံတကာမွ ကမာၻ႔စံခ်ိန္မ်ားကုိ စုေဆာင္းတငျ္ပထားပါသည္။ဂင္းနစ္ဟူေသာအမည္မွာအုိင္ယာလန္ႏုိင္ငံ႐ွိဂင္းနစ္ (ArthurGuinness) ဘီယာကုမၸဏီကုိ ရည္စူးပါသည္။ ၁၇၅၂-ခုႏွစ္တြင္ အာသာဂင္းနစ္ (၁၇၅၂-၁၈၀၃) ဆုိေသာ ပုဂၢဳိလ္တစ္ေယာက္သည္ ေပါင္ေငြတစ္ရာကုိ အေမြရ႐ွိခဲ႔ပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">၎ေပါင္ေငြ တစ္ရာ ကုိ အရင္းျပဳ၍ အာသာဂင္းနစ္သည္ ယမကာဆုိင္တစ္ခုကုိ စတင္တည္ေထာင္ ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ ၁၇၅၉သုိ႔ ေရာက္ေသာအခါ ဒဗြလင္ၿမိဳ႕သုိ႔ ေျပာင္းေရႊ႕ဖြင္႔လွစ္ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ သူေသဆုံးၿပီးေနာက္ သားျဖစ္သူ အာသာ(၁၇၆၇-၁၈၅၂)၊ ေျမးျဖစ္သူ ဘင္ဂ်မင္ဂင္းနစ္ (၁၇၉၈-၁၈၆၈) တုိ႔က ဘီယာလုပ္ငန္းကုိဆက္လက္လုပ္ကုိင္ခဲ႔ၾကပါသည္။ ဘင္ဂ်မင္လက္ထက္တြင္ဂင္းနစ္ ဘီယာသည္ အေမရိကန္၊အဂၤလန္ႏွင္႔ ဥေရာပ တုိင္းျပည္မ်ားသုိ႔ပါ တင္ပုိ႔ေရာင္းခ်ႏုိင္သည္အထိ လုပ္ငန္းေအာင္ျမင္ ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ ဂင္းနစ္မိသားစုသည္ သူတုိ႔၏ ဂင္းနစ္ဘီယာကုိ ကုိယ္ပုိင္စက္႐ုံတည္ေဆာက္ကာ ထုတ္လုပ္ေရာင္းခ်ခဲ႔ျခင္းျဖစ္ပါသည္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သူတုိ႔၏ဘီယာေအာင္ျမင္ရျခင္းတြင္အခ်က္(၂)ခ်က္သည္အေရးပါပါသည္။ ပထမအခ်က္မွာဂင္းနစ္ဘီယာသည္အရည္သက္သက္မဟုတ္ဘဲအနည္းငယ္ေစးပ်စ္သည္။ ဘီယာတစ္ပုိင္႔ကုိငွဲ႔မည္ဆုိပါက ၁၁၉ ဒသမ ၅-စကၠန္႔ၾကာမည္ဟု ေၾကျငာကာ စားသုံးသူကုိ စြဲေဆာင္ႏုိင္ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ ဒုတိယအခ်က္မွာ ဂင္းနစ္ဘီယာ ထည္႔ခြက္၏ ထူးျခားမွႈပင္ ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ ဂင္းနစ္ဘီယာကုမၸဏီသည္ ကုိယ္ပုိင္ခြက္တစ္မ်ဳိးကုိ တီထြင္ထုတ္လုပ္ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ အဆုိပါ ခြက္အတြင္း သုိ႔ ဘီယာကုိထည္႔မည္ဆုိပါက ဘီယာႁမွဳပ္မ်ားသည္ အေပၚသုိ႔မတက္ဘဲ ေအာက္သုိ႔ သာဆင္းသြား သည္ကုိေတြ႔ျမင္ရမညျ္ဖစ္ပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဤနည္းျဖင္႔စားသုံးသူကုိေကာင္းစြာစြဲေဆာင္ႏုိင္ခဲ႔ၾကပါသည္။၁၉၅၅တြင္ဂင္းနစ္ဘီယာအေရာင္းဆုိင္တစ္ဆုိင္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">၌ဘီယာေသာက္သူမ်ား ျငင္းခုံမွႈတစ္ခု ျဖစ္ၾကပါသည္။ ၎အျငင္းအခုံမွာမည္သည္႔ ငွက္သည္ အျမန္ဆုံးပ်ံသန္းႏုိင္သနည္းဟူေသာ ေမးခြန္းႏွင္႔ဆက္စပ္ေနပါသည္။ ျငင္းခုံသူမ်ားသည္ အကုိးအကားစာအုပ္မ်ဳိးစုံကုိ ႐ွာေဖြပါေသာ္လည္း ႐ွာမေတြ႔ႏုိင္ျဖစ္ေနပါသည္။ ဤတြင္ ဆုိင္႐ွင္ျဖစ္သူ ဂင္းနစ္မ်ဳိးႏြယ္တစ္ေယာက္သည္ ကမာၻ႔စံခ်ိန္မွတ္တမ္း စာအုပ္တစ္အုပ္ လုိအပ္ေၾကာင္း သတိျပဳမိသြားပါသည္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဤသုိ႔ျဖင္႔၁၉၅၅-တြင္ပထမဆုံးဂင္းနစ္ကမာၻ႔စံခ်ိန္စာအုပ္ထြက္ေပၚလာပါသည္။ စာအုပ္ကုိတာ၀န္ခံ ေရးသားသူမွာ ေရာ႔စ္၀ွစ္တနာ ႏွင္႔ေနာရစ္ ၀ွစ္တနာ(Ross and Noris Whitner) အႁမႊာညီအစ္ကုိ ႏွစ္ေယာက္ျဖစ္ပါသည္။၎တုိ႔သည္ သတင္းေထာက္မ်ား၊ ဂ်ာနယ္တုိက္မ်ားမွ အခ်က္အလက္မ်ားကုိရယူၿပီးစာအုပ္ေရးသားထုတ္ေ၀ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ၿပီးေနာက္ခရစ္စမတ္ေစ်းေရာင္းပြဲေတာ္အမွီ</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ေအာက္တုိ ဘာလတုိင္းတြင္စာအုပ္ကုိ ႏွစ္စဥ္ထုတ္ေ၀ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">စာအုပ္တြင္ ၾကက္ဥ အေ၀းဆုံးေရာက္ေအာင္ ပစ္ႏုိင္သူ၊ ဆယ္မိနစ္အတြင္း ေဟာ႔ေဒါ႔ (Hot Dog) အမ်ားဆုံး စားႏုိင္သူ၊ အရပ္အရွည္ဆုံးလူသား၊ အႀကီးဆုံးကင္ဆာက်ိတ္၊ အဆိပ္ျပင္းဆုံး အပင္၊ အတုိဆုံးျမစ္စသည္ျဖင္႔ ကမာၻ႔စံခ်ိန္မ်ားကုိ မွတ္တမ္းတင္ေဖာ္ျပခဲ႔ပါသည္။ ယခုအခါ ထုိစာအုပ္သည္ ကမၻာ့အေရာင္းရဆုံး စာအုပ္တစ္အုပ္ျဖစ္ၿပီး တစ္ႏွစ္အတြင္း အႀကိမ္ေပါင္းမ်ားစြာ ပုံႏိွပ္ခဲ႔ရပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">လူတုိ႔သည္ထုိစာအုပ္တြင္မွတ္တမ္းတင္ခံရေစရန္အမ်ဳိးမ်ဳိးႀကိဳးစားလာၾကပါသည္။တစ္ခါကဂင္းနစ္စာအုပ္တြင္ အေလးဆုံးေၾကာင္ အေၾကာင္းကုိ ေဖာ္ျပခဲ႔ပါသည္။ ထုိအခါ ေၾကာင္ပုိင္႐ွင္မ်ားသည္ သူတုိ႔ေၾကာင္မ်ား ကုိ စံခ်ိန္ခ်ဳိးႏုိင္ေအာင္ အစာမ်ား တနင္႔တပုိး ေကၽြးခဲ႔သျဖင္႔ ေၾကာင္ေသဆုံးမွႈမ်ားေပၚေပါက္လာပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ထုိ႔ေၾကာင္႔စာအုပ္တြင္က်န္းမာေရးႏွင္႔အသက္အႏၲရာယ္ထိခုိက္ေစေသာကိစၥမ်ားကုိ ေဖာ္ျပျခင္းမျပဳရန္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဆုံးျဖတ္ခဲ႔ၾကပါသည္။ဂင္းနစ္စာအုပ္သည္တစ္ကမာၻလုံးမွစံခ်ိန္မ်ားကုိမွတ္တမ္းတင္ထားျခင္းျဖစ္ရာျမန္မာႏိုင္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ငံမွ ပုဂၢဳိလ္ထူးတစ္ဦးလည္း ပါ၀င္ခဲ႔ ပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">အဆုိပါပုဂၢဳိလ္ထူးမွာ မင္းကြန္း တိပိဋကဓရ ဆရာေတာ္ႀကီး ဦး၀ိစိတၱသာရာဘိ၀ံသပင္ၿဖစ္ပါသည္။ ဆရာေတာ္ႀကီးသည္ ပိဋကတ္သုံးပုံ၊ စာမ်က္ႏွာေပါင္း (၉၉၃၄) မ်က္ႏွာကုိ တစ္ခ်က္မွေထာက္မေပးရဘဲ အလြတ္အာဂုံ ေဆာင္ႏုိင္ေသာေႀကာင္႔ ကမာၻ႔မွတ္ဉာဏ္ အေကာင္းဆုံး ပုဂၢဳိလ္အျဖစ္ ဂင္းနစ္စာအုပ္တြင္ႏွစ္ႀကိမ္တုိင္ ေဖာ္ျပခံခဲ႔ရပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဆရာေတာ္ႀကီး၏ မွတ္ဉာဏ္ကုိခ်ီးက်ဴးလုိလွ်င္ တိပိဋကဓရေရြးခ်ယ္ေရး စာေမးပြဲအေၾကာင္း ကုိ သိထားသင္႔ပါသည္။ ဤစာေမးပြဲသည္ ပိဋကတ္သုံးပုံကုိ ႏွႈတ္ေျဖ၊ ေရးေျဖေျဖဆုိရေသာ စာေမးပြဲျဖစ္ၿပီး ကမာၻေပၚတြင္ အခက္ခဲဆုံးစာေမးပြဲႀကီး ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ မည္မွ်ခက္ခဲပါသနည္း ဆုိလွ်င္ စတင္စစ္ေဆးေသာ ျမန္မာႏွစ္ ၁၃၁၀-မွ ၁၃၆၂- အထိ ၅၃-ႏွစ္အတြင္း ေအာင္ျမင္သူ ၉-ဦးသာ႐ွိခဲ႔ပါသည္။ စာေမးပြဲေအာင္မွတ္မွာ အမွတ္၁၀၀-တြင္၇၅-မွတ္ရမွသာ ေအာင္ျမင္ပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ပိဋကတ္သုံးပုံကုိ အလြတ္ရြတ္ဆုိရာတြင္ နံနက္ ၈-နာရီမွ၁၀-နာရီအထိ တစ္ႀကိမ္၊ ေန႔လယ္ ၁-နာရီမွ၄-နာရီအထိ တစ္ႀကိမ္၊ တစ္ေန႔လွ်င္ ၂-ႀကိမ္ခြဲ၍ စာျပန္ရပါသည္။ သတ္မွတ္ထားေသာ အခ်ိန္အတြင္းသတ္မွတ္ထားေသာစာမ်က္ႏွာအေရအတြက္ ကုိၿပီးေအာင္ျပန္ဆုိရပါသည္။ အခ်ိန္ကုိက္ စာမျပန္ႏုိင္လွ်င္ စာေမးပြဲက်ပါသည္။ တစ္ေန႔လုံး အတြက္စာ ၅-ခါ ေထာက္ေပးခြင္႐ွိပါသည္။ ၅-ခါထက္ပုိ၍ေထာက္ေပးရလွ်င္စာေမးပြဲက်ပါသည္။စာကုိအလြတ္ရြတ္ဆုိရင္း၀ါက်တစ္ခုေက်ာ္သြားပါက စာေမးပြဲက်ပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ထုိ႔ေၾကာင္႔ ကမာၻ႔အခက္ဆုံး စာေမးပြဲႀကီးဟု ဆုိရျခင္းၿဖစ္ပါသည္။ ဆရာေတာ္ႀကီးသည္ အဆုိပါ စာေမးပြဲႀကီးတြင္စာမ်က္ႏွာ၉၉၃၄မ်က္ႏွာလုံးကုိတစ္ခ်က္မွေထာက္မေပးရဘဲအလြတ္ရြတ္ဆုိႏုိင္ခဲ႔ပါ သည္။ ထုိမွ်မကေသး။ စာအုပ္မူကြဲ အမ်ဳိးမ်ဳိး ႐ွိပါက မည္သည္႔စာအုပ္၊ စာမ်က္ႏွာမည္မွ်၊ စာေၾကာင္းေရမည္မွ်တြင္ မည္သုိ႔ဆုိသည္ မည္သည္႔စာအုပ္က အမွန္ ျဖစ္သည္ဟူသည္အထိ ေထာက္ျပႏုိင္ေလာက္ေအာင္ ပညာဉာဏ္ႀကီးမားလြန္းလွပါသည္။ ေရးေျဖ ေျဖဆုိရာ၌လည္း-</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">သီလကၡႏၡ၀ဂ္ - ၉၃-မွတ္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">မဟာ၀ဂ္ - ၉၇-မွတ္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ပါတိက၀ဂ္ - ၉၇-မွတ္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ပါရာဇိကဏ္ - ၈၉-မွတ္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ပါစိတ္ပါဠိေတာ္ - ၉၉-မွတ္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">မဟာ၀ဂၢပါဠိေတာ္ - ၉၂-မွတ္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">စူဠ၀ဂၢပါဠိေတာ္ - ၉၈-မွတ္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ပရိ၀ါပါဠိေတာ္ - ၁၀၀-မွတ္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">စသည္ၿဖင္႔ ဘာသာတုိင္းကုိ ဂုဏ္ထူးမွတ္ ၈၅-မွတ္ အထက္ျဖင္႔ ေျဖဆုိေအာင္ျမင္ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ဆရာေတာ္ႀကီးကုိ ၁၂၇၃၊ တန္ေဆာင္မုန္းလဆန္း ၁၁-ရက္ေန႔တြင္ ျမင္းၿခံၿမိဳ႔နယ္၊က်ည္ပင္ ႐ြာသူႀကီး ဦးဆုံ၊ ေဒၚဆင္တုိ႔မွ ဖြားျမင္ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ ငယ္မည္ ေမာင္ခင္ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ ၇-ႏွစ္သား အရြယ္တြင္ သာမေဏ ၀တ္ခဲ႔ၿပီး ၁၅-ႏွစ္သားတြင္ ပထမငယ္တန္း၊ ၁၆-ႏွစ္သားတြင္ ပထမလတ္တန္း၊ ၂၀-ႏွစ္တြင္ ပထမႀကီးတန္းတုိ႔ကုိ ေအာင္ျမင္ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ ၁၂၉၅-တြင္ အစုိးရပထမႀကီးတန္းကုိ ပထမေက်ာ္ဟူေသာဘြဲ႔ထူးျဖင္႔အျမင္႔ဆုံးေအာင္ျမင္ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ထုိႏွစ္တြင္ပင္သက်သီဟစာသင္တန္းကုိ လည္းေကာင္း၊၁၂၉၆တြင္စာခ်တန္းကုိလည္းေကာင္းတစ္ဆက္တည္းေအာင္ၿမင္၍၀ဋံသကာ(ဦးေဆာက္ပန္းဘြဲ႔)</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ျဖင္႔ခ်ီးက်ဴး ပူေဇာ္ျခင္းခံခဲ႔ရပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ပိဋကတ္သုံးပုံကုိအေထာက္အမကင္းစြာအာဂုံျပန္ဆုိႏုိင္ေသာေၾကာင္႔တရားဘ႑ာစုိးဟုအဓိပၸယ္ရ</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ေသာတိပိဋကဓရဓမၼဘ႑ာဂါရိကဘြဲ႔ကုိဆက္ကပ္ၿခင္းခံခဲ့ရပါသည္။ဆ႒သံဂါယနာတင္ပြဲႀကီးတြင္လည္း မဟာစည္ဆရာေတာ္ႀကီးေမးသမွ်ကုိတစ္လုံးတစ္ပါဒမွ်ထစ္ေငါ႔ၿခင္းမ႐ွိဘဲေျဖဆုိေတာ္ မူ၍ဆ႒သဂၤတိဝိသဇၨကအျဖစ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ခဲ႔ပါသည္။ထုိ႔ျပင္စာမ်က္ႏွာေပါင္း၅၀၀၀ေက်ာ္႐ွိေသာမဟာဗုဒၶ၀င္</div><div style="text-align: justify;">က်မ္းႀကီးမ်ားကုိလည္းျပဳစုခဲ႔ပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">ထုိ႔ေၾကာင္႔လည္းအစုိးရအဆက္ဆက္ကဆရာေတာ္ ႀကီးကုိ ဘြဲ႔ထူးအမ်ဳိးမ်ဳိးျဖင္႔ခ်ီးက်ဴးပူေဇာ္ခဲ႔ၾကပါသည္။ </div><div style="text-align: justify;">သာသနာ႔အာဇာနည္အဂၢမဟာပ႑ိတ၊ အဘိဓဇမဟာရ႒ဂုရု၊ အဘိဓဇအဂၢမဟာသဒၶမၼေဇာတိက၊ တိပိဋကဓရဓမၼဘ႑ာဂါရိက၊ ဆ႒သဂၤါယနာ ၀ိသဇၨက၊ ႏုိင္ငံေတာ္ သံဃမဟာနာယကအဖြဲ႔ အက်ဳိးေတာ္ေဆာင္ခ်ဳပ္ဆရာေတာ္ႀကီးဦး၀ိစိတၱသာရာဘိ၀ံသ သည္ ၉-၂-၁၉၉၃၊အဂၤါေန႔ ညေန၊ ၄-နာရီ ၄၀-မိနစ္တြင္ ဘ၀နတ္ထံ ပ်ံလြန္ေတာ္မူခဲ႔ပါသည္။</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: red; text-align: right;">စာေရးသူ သန္းမင္းထြဋ္ မဂၤလာေမာင္မယ္ အတြဲ-၁ရ၊ အမွတ္-၂၊ ၂၀၀၅-ခုႏွစ္၊ ေဖေဖာ္၀ါရီလ</div></div>ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6074506774330880620.post-19217597395257731342011-05-03T00:33:00.006+06:302011-05-03T00:41:40.864+06:30သံေ၀ဇနိယ ေလးဌာနနဲ႔ သံေ၀ဂ ရစရာမ်ား<a href="http://www.irrawaddy.org/bur/index.php/articles/2-articles/6300-2011-05-02-09-44-13"></a>ရဟန်းတော်http://www.blogger.com/profile/10789495705807174438noreply@blogger.com