ရဟန်းတော် (မော်ဒန်တောရ)

May 22, 2010

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5/ 7. Seven types of wives demonstrated in literature

၇။ မယားမ်ိဳးခုနစ္ပါးကုိ က်မ္းဂန္လာအတုိင္း အက်ယ္ျပဆုိျခင္း

Since Sujatā, the daughter-in-law of Anāthapi¼ðika, the great merchant, paid no heed to the words of husband, or of her father-in-law, and did not behave respectfully, he wished to ask the most excellent Lord into which of the seven classes of wife did Sujatā fall. The Lord replied in the seventh Nipāta of the A³guttaravikaya scripture:

အနာထပိဏ္သူေဌး၏ေခၽြးမသုဇာတာသည္ ေယာကၡမစကား၊လင္၏စကားကုိ နားမေထာင္၊မရုိမေသျပဳ က်င့္ေသာေၾကာင့္ ျမတ္ဘုရားကုိေလွ်ာက္ထားရာ မယားမ်ိဳးခုနစ္မ်ိဳးတု႔ိတြင္ သင္သုဇာတာသည္ မည္သည့္ မယားမ်ိဳးျဖစ္သည္ကုိ ေမးလုိ၍ ေအာက္ပါဂါထာပါဠိကုိ မိန္႔ေတာ္မူသည္။

“Padu¥¥ha cittā ahitānukampinī,
aññesurattā atimaññate patiµ;
dhanena kītassa vadhāya ussukā,
yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;
vadhā ca bhariyāti ca sā pavuccati.

“Yaµ itthiyā vindati sāmiko dhanaµ,
sippaµ vanijjañca kasiµ adhi¥¥ahaµ;
appampi tassa apahātumicchati,
yā evarūpā purisassabhariyā;
corī ca bhariyāti ca sā pavuccati.

“Akammakāmā alasā mahagghasā,
pharusā ca ca¼ðī duruttavādinī;
u¥¥hāyakānaµ abhibhuyya vattati,
yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;
ayyā ca bhariyā ti ca sā pavuccati.

“Yā sabbadā hoti hitānukampinī,
mātāva puttaµ anurakkhate patiµ;
tato dhanaµ sambhatamassa rakkhati,
yā evarūpā purisassa bhariya.
mātā ca bhariyā ti ca sā pavuccati.

“Yathāpi je¥¥hā bhaginī kani¥¥hakā,
sagāravā hoti sakammhi sāmike;
hirīmanā bhattuvasānuvattiī,
yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;
bhaginī ca bhariyā ti ca sā pavuccati.

“Yācīdha disvāna patiµ pamodati,
sakhī sakhāraµva cirassamāgataµ;
koleyyakā sīlavati patibbatā,
yā evorūpā pūrisassa bhariyā.

sakhī ca bhariyāti ca sa pavuccati.
akkuddhasantā vadhada¼ða tajjitā,
adu¥¥hacittā patino titikhati;
akkodhanā bhattuvasānuvattinī,
yā evarāpā purisassa bhariyā,
‘dāsī ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati.

“Yācīdha bhariyā vadhakā’ti vuccati,
‘corī ca ayyā’ti ca yā pavuccati;
dussīlarūpā pharusā anādarā,
kāyassa bhedā nirayaµ vajanti tā,

“Yāsīda mātā bhaginī sakhī’ti ca,
‘dāsī ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati,
sīle ¥hitattā cirarattasaµvuttā,
kāyassa bhedā sugatiµ vajanti ta” ti.

Imā kho, sujāte satta purisassa bhariyāyo. Tāsaµ tvaµ katamā”ti.

That is to say: A wife who has a mind to wrong her husband, a wife who does not think of her husband's well-being and has no kindness for him, a wife who fancies a man other than her husband, who is rude and disrespectful to him, who gives herself to the task of making a show of being busy by abusing the servants paid for with her husband's money - such a wife as this might be called a murderess of men. (This sort of wife is the "murderess-wife").

လင္ကုိျပစ္မွားေသာစိတ္ရွိေသာ၊လင္၏အက်ိဳးစီးပြါးမၾကည့္လင္ကုိမသနားတတ္ေသာ၊လင္မွတစ္ပါး အျခား ေယာက်ၤားတုိ႔အေပၚ၌ ခ်စ္ႀကိဳက္စိတ္ရွိေသာမယားသည္ လင္ကုိမထီမဲ့ျမင္ ေစာ္ကားက်ဴးလြန္၏။ေငြဝယ္ ကၽြန္ကုိႏွိပ္စက္ျခင္းငွာအားထုတ္ေသာ၊ထုိသုိ႔သေဘာရွိေသာမယားကုိေယာကၤ်ား၏သူသတ္ဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း၊ မယားဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း ေခၚဆုိအပ္၏။ (ဤကား သူသတ္သမားႏွင့္တူေသာမယားတစ္ေယာက္။)

When a woman, whose husband has by his energy won his skills, his trade, and his cultivated land and has accumulated property, wants to steal the smallest portion of the property that he has won - if a man has a wife of such a disposition, that wife can be called a "thief-wife" (This sort of wife is like a thief.)

ဇနီးမယား၏လင္ေတာ္ေမာင္သည္ အတတ္ကုိလည္းေကာင္း၊ ကုန္သြယ္ျခင္းကုိလည္းေကာင္း၊ လယ္ယာ ထြန္ ယက္စုိက္ပ်ိဳးျခင္းကုိလည္းေကာင္း၊လုံ႔လထုတ္သျဖင့္လုပ္ကုိင္ေဆာင္ရြက္သျဖင့္ဥစၥာပစၥည္းတစ္စုံတစ္ရာကုိ ရလာ၏။ ထုိလုံ႔လႀကိဳးကုတ္အားထုတ္၍ ဥစၥာရွာမွီးေသာ လင္၏ဥစၥာအနည္းငယ္ကုိေသာ္လည္း ခုိးယူလုိ၏၊ ထုိသုိ႔သေဘာရွိေသာ လင္၏မယားကုိ သူခုိးမဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း၊ မယားဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း ေခၚဆုိအပ္၏။ (ဤကား သူခုိးႏွင့္တူေသာမယားတစ္ေယာက္။)

When there is a woman who is slothful and disorderly in managing the household and is a greedy eater, who uses rough and unpleasant language to the hardworking servants and sons of the house and overbears them, the man who gets a woman of this nature for a wife, has a wife who must be called a tyrant. (This sort of wife is like a tyrant.)

မျပဳသင့္ေသာအမႈကုိျပဳေသာ၊အိမ္ေထာင္ထိမ္းသိမ္းမႈကုိျပဳလုပ္ရမွာပ်င္းေသာ၊အစားႀကီးေသာ၊ကုိယ္ၾကမ္း၊ ႏႈတ္ၾကမ္းေသာ၊မေကာင္းေသာစကားကုိေျပာဆုိေလ့ရွိေသာဇနီးမယားသည္ ကုိယ္ထူကုိယ္ထ လုံ႔လရွိကုန္ ေသာေက်းကၽြန္လင္သားတုိ႔ကုိလႊမ္းမုိးအုပ္စုိးတတ္၏။ထုိသုိ႔သေဘာရွိေသာေယာကၤ်ား၏မယားကုိအရွင္သခင္မ ဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း၊မယားဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း ေခၚဆုိအပ္၏။ (ဤကား သခင္ႏွင့္တူေသာမယား တစ္ေယာက္။)

When there is a woman whose only desire at all times is that her husband should do well, and who watches over her husband, as a mother does her children, she will watch over the property that he has accumulated to make sure that it is not wasted in unbefitting ways. A man who has a wife of such a nature may be in doubt whether to call her "mother" or: wife". (This is the sort of wife who is like a mother.)

အခါခပ္သိမ္း၊လင္၏အက်ိဳးစီးပြါးကုိအလုိရွိ၏၊အမိသည္သားကုိေစာင့္ေရွာက္သကဲ့သုိ႔လင္ကုိေစာင့္ ေရွာက္တတ္ ၏၊ထုိ႔ေၾကာင့္ လင္ရွာမွီးဆည္းပူး၍ရလာေသာ ဥစၥာကုိ မကုန္သင့္ရာ၌မကုန္ရေလေအာင္ေစာင့္ ေရွာက္တတ္ ေသာ ထုိသုိ႔သေဘာရွိေသာ လင္၏မယားကုိ အမိဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း၊ မယားဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း ေခၚဆုိအပ္၏။ (ဤကား အမိႏွင့္တူေသာမယားတစ္ေယာက္။)

Just as a sister, as a child or of full age, feels a respect for her brother, just so a woman may feel respect for her husband, showing a modesty of mind and heart, and closely follow her husband's wishes. A man's wife who is of such a disposition might well be called "sister". (This is the sort of wife who is like a sister.)

ႀကီးႀကီး၊ငယ္ငယ္ျဖစ္ေသာႏွမသည္ အစ္ကုိ၊ေမာင္ကုိ ရုိေသျခင္းရွိသကဲ့သုိ႔ မိမိလင္သားအေပၚ၌ ရုိေသ ျခင္းရွိ၏။ ရွက္ေသာစိတ္ႏွလုံးရွိ၏၊ လင့္အလုိကုိလုိက္ေလ့ရွိ၏၊ ထုိသုိ႔သေဘာရွိေသာ လင္၏မယားကုိ ႏွမဟူ၍ လည္း ေကာင္း၊ မယားဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း ေခၚဆုိအပ္၏။(ဤကား ႏွမႏွင့္တူေသာမယားတစ္ေယာက္။)

The wife who is a friend and companion, when she sees her husband coming towards her will feel the same joy as one feels when seeing a friend approaching, from whom one has been long parted. The duties that are the wife's five duties are those which are always practised in the household and she thus cherishes her husband. The wife follows her husband's disposition and a wife of such a disposition may be said to be not only a wife but a friend and companion as well. (This is the sort of wife who is like a friend.)

ဤေလာက၌ အေဆြခင္ပြန္းမသည္ ေကြကင္းၾက၍ၾကာျမင္မွ ျပန္လာေသာ မိတ္ေဆြကုိ ေတြ႔ျမင္လတ္ေသာ္ ဝမ္းေျမာက္ဝမ္းသာျဖစ္သကဲ့သုိ႔ဇနီးမယားသည္လင္ကုိေတြ႔ျမင္လတ္ေသာ္ဝမ္းေျမာက္ဝမ္းသာ ျပဳတတ္၏။ အိမ္၌စြဲၿမဲ၏။မယားက်င့္ဝတ္ငါးပါးဟူေသာ သီလရွိ၏၊ လင္ကုိလုပ္ေကၽြးတတ္၏၊ ထုိသုိ႔သေဘာရွိေသာလင္၏ မယားကုိ မိတ္ေဆြသူငယ္ခ်င္းမဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း၊ မယားဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း ေခၚဆုိအပ္၏။ (ဤကား အေဆြ ခင္ပြန္းႏွင့္တူေသာ မယားတစ္ေယာက္။)

A woman who shows a respect and fear of her husband, even when he is not angry, who, even if he abuses her, punishes her, or threatens her, does not blame him, but forgives him, who does not need his anger to do what he wants - such a wife for a man will be a wife like a servant. (This is the sort of wife who is like a servant.)

လင္အမ်က္မထြက္ဘဲပင္လင္ကုိရုိေသေၾကာက္လန္႔တတ္၏၊ႏွိပ္စက္ျခင္း၊ဒဏ္ေပးျခင္းတုိ႔ျဖင့္ၿခိမ္းေျခာက္၍ ေသာ္လည္း လင္ကုိျပစ္မွားေသာစိတ္မရွိဘဲသည္းခံ၏၊လင့္အေပၚ၍စိတ္ဆုိးအမ်က္ထြက္ျခင္းမရွိ၊ လင့္အလုိ ကုိလုိက္တတ္၏။ထုိသုိ႔သေဘာရွိေသာ ေယာကၤ်ား၏မယားကုိ ကၽြန္မဟူ၍လည္းေကာင္း၊ မယားဟူ၍လည္း ေကာင္းေခၚဆုိအပ္၏။ (ဤကား ကၽြန္မႏွင့္တူေသာမယားတစ္ေယာက္။)

In this world, a wife may be like a murderess; a wife may be like a thief; a wife may be like a tyrant: wives of these three types have no moral grounding in religion. They are prone to violence and have no respect for their husbands and after their lives in these present bodies are ended they are destined for hell fire.

ဤလာက၌ သူသတ္ႏွင့္တူေသာမယား၊ သူခုိးႏွင့္တူေသာမယား၊ သခင္ႏွင့္တူေသာမယားဟူကုန္ေသာ မယား သုံးမ်ိဳးတုိ႔သည္ အက်င့္သီလမေကာင္းေသာ သေဘာရွိကုန္၏၊ ၾကမ္းတမ္းကုန္၏၊ လင္ကုိမရုိေသကုန္၊ ထုိသုံး ေယာက္တုိ႔သည္ ေသၿပီးေနာက္ ငရဲသုိ႔ေရာက္တတ္၏။

In this world there are also wives who are like mothers, wives who are like sisters, wives who are like friends, wives who are like servants. Wives of these four types will stay by their husbands for a whole long life. Since they are firm in religion, after they come to the end of their lives in these bodies, they will have a good passage on to the world of the spirits.

ဤေလာက၌အမိႏွင့္တူေသာမယား၊အစ္မ၊ႏွမႏွင့္တူေသာမယား၊မိတ္ေဆြသူငယ္ခ်င္းႏွင့္တူေသာမယား၊ ကၽြန္မႏွင့္တူေသာမယားဟူကုန္ေသာ မယားေလးေယာက္တုိ႔သည္ ၾကာျမင့္စြာေသာကာလပတ္လုံး လင္ႏွင့္အ တူေပါင္းေဖာ္၍သီလ၌တည္သည္၏အျဖစ္ေၾကာင့္ခႏၶာပ်က္ေႂကြေသၿပီးေနာက္ဘဝ၌ သုဂတိဘုံသုိ႔ ေရာက္ၾကရ ကုန္၏။

"Sujāta, whereabouts in these seven types of wives for men do you think you stand?" the Lord asked her. When the Lord put this question to her, Sujāta replied, wishing to answer what sort of wife she was; ajjatagge maµ, bhante, bhagavā dāsisamaµ sāmikassa bhariyaµ dhāretū” ti.
That is: "Most excellent Lord, from today counts me as a wife who is as a servant to her husband."

သုဇာတာ၊ ေယာကၤ်ား၏ဤမယားခုနစ္မ်ိဳးတုိ႔တြင္ သင္သည္ အဘယ္မယားမိ်ဳးနည္းဟု ေမးေတာ္မူ၏။ ဤသုိ႔ေမးလတ္ေသာ္မည္သည့္မယားျဖစ္ေၾကာင္းေလွ်ာက္ၾကားလုိေသာသုဇာတာသည္`ဘုန္းေတာ္ႀကီးျမတ္စြာ ဘုရား၊ယေန႔ကုိအစျပဳ၍တပည့္ေတာ္ကုိလင္၏ကၽြန္ႏွင့္တူေသာမယားဟု မွတ္ေတာ္မူပါေလာ့` ဟူသည္တည္း။

က်မ္းကုိး ...
အဂၤုတၱရနိကာယ၊ သတၱကနိပါတ္၊ ၆။ အဗ်ာကတဝဂ္၊ ၁၀။ ဘရိယာသုတ္၊ ႏွာ-၂-၂၆၇-၈-၉

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